1965
DOI: 10.1364/ao.4.000011
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Abstract: The spectral properties of plant leaves and stems have been obtained for ultraviolet, visible, and infrared frequencies. The spectral reflectance, transmittance, and absorptance for certain plants is given. The mechanism by which radiant energy interacts with a leaf is discussed, including the presence of plant pigments. Examples are given concerning the amount of absorbed solar radiation for clear sky and overcast conditions. The spectral properties of desert plants are compared with those of more mesic plant… Show more

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Cited by 1,181 publications
(674 citation statements)
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“…Table 2. The near-infrared reflectance of plants is positively related to aboveground biomass (Rosso et al, 2005;Thenkabail et al, 2000) and affected by leaf morphology and anatomical properties (Gates et al, 1965;Woolley, 1971) such as fractions of intercellular spaces (Rosso et al, 2005). Canopy reflectance of near-infrared light generally responds to environmental stress poorly compared with red reflectance, because canopy reflectance is more affected by bare soil (Zhu et al, 2013).…”
Section: Mechanisms and Potential For Monitoring Plant Stress Using Tmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table 2. The near-infrared reflectance of plants is positively related to aboveground biomass (Rosso et al, 2005;Thenkabail et al, 2000) and affected by leaf morphology and anatomical properties (Gates et al, 1965;Woolley, 1971) such as fractions of intercellular spaces (Rosso et al, 2005). Canopy reflectance of near-infrared light generally responds to environmental stress poorly compared with red reflectance, because canopy reflectance is more affected by bare soil (Zhu et al, 2013).…”
Section: Mechanisms and Potential For Monitoring Plant Stress Using Tmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Leaves absorb most of the radiation that strike them in the optical wavelengths (400-700 nm) because of the presence of chlorophyll and other pigments (Gates et al, 1965). These pigments absorb poorly in the infrared where photons lack sufficient energy to drive photosynthesis, so leaves reflect and transmit most incoming NIR radiation.…”
Section: Generality Of the Albedo-nitrogen Relationshipmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…If a leaf consisted of a smooth surface and homogeneous internal refractive index, most incoming NIR radiation impinging at less than near grazing angles (o $ 751) would pass through it and be transmitted, with little reflected back toward the source of radiation. Because leaves contain air-filled intercellular spaces (refractive index 1) interspersed with mesophyll cells (refractive index $ 1.45), radiation is reflected and refracted many times, leading to higher reflectances (and corresponding lower transmittances) in the NIR spectral region (Gates et al, 1965;Woolley, 1971). Allen et al (1970a) modeled scattering by the refractive index discontinuity between mesophyll cells and intercellular air spaces in foliage using a theory based on stacked transparent plates separated by airspaces.…”
Section: Generality Of the Albedo-nitrogen Relationshipmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…REP has been widely used for monitoring plant chlorophyll concentration (Filella & Penuelas, 1994;Wu et al, 2000), due to its feature of red-shifting with increased chlorophyll concentration (Gates et al, 1965;Collins, 1978;Curran et al, 1990). Since plant chlorophyll concentration is highly correlated with nitrogen status (Hansen & Schjoerring, 2003;Haboudane et al, 2004), REP has also been used for evaluating plant nitrogen status (Lamb et al, 2002;Jongschaap & Booij, 2004).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The position of the red-edge is defi ned as the position of the main infl ection point of the red-NIR slope (670 −780 nm), which is also denoted as the rededge position (REP) and can be used for studying the chlorophyll or N concentration as a measure of plant growth status (Horler et al, 1983;Bonham-Carter, 1988). Since an increase in chlorophyll concentration results in a shift of REP towards longer wavelengths (Gates et al, 1965), and as compared with vegetation indices, red edge parameters are relatively insensitive to changes of biophysical factors, such as soil cover percentage and optical properties (Horler et al, 1983), REP is usually referred to as a good red-edge parameter for indicating chlorophyll concentration and biochemical content (Filella & Peñuelas, 1994;Mutanga & Skidmore, 2007). Both chlorophyll concentration and chlorophyll density in rice, wheat and corn crops have been shown to correlate strongly with derivative spectra and REP at leaf and canopy levels (Wu et al, 2000), while quantitative relationships between classical REP and chlorophyll content have also been evaluated in ten different trees (Collins, 1978).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%