Specificity in Legume-Rhizobia Symbioses

Andrews, Mitchell; Andrews, Morag E

doi:10.3390/ijms18040705

Cited by 276 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 320 publications

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“…Thus, extrachromosomal genetic elements, and changes in gene expression (López‐Gómez, Palma, & Lluch, ), can contribute to adaptive mechanisms and the survival of rhizobia in saline soils. These suggestions are supported by the findings of Andrew and Andrew () who showed that lateral transfer of symbiosis‐specific genes within rhizobia genera is an important mechanism allowing legumes to form a symbiosis with rhizobia adapted to particular soils.…”

Section: Insight Into Mechanisms Regulating Salt Stress Tolerance In supporting

confidence: 64%

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

et al. 2018

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Soil salinity is considered one of the most detrimental environmental problems affecting the productivity of many agricultural crops, with negative effects on seed germination, plant vigour, and crop yields. To mitigate these negative effects, it is necessary to restrategize and identify viable options that are environmentally and economically applicable for sustainable agriculture. This review summarizes and evaluates soil reclamation strategies that have been employed and those that could potentially be used, concentrating on the use of legume crops. Apart from the fact that legumes have many nutritional benefits as foods, they are also an attractive option to refertilize degraded and nitrogen‐deficient soils. Thus, the potential use of grain, grass, shrubby, and tree legumes to restore degraded soils requires evaluation. In this paper, we discuss and evaluate why legumes should be considered and used for the reclamation of degraded soils, with a particular focus on salt‐degraded soils. Globally relevant case‐studies that demonstrate how legumes could be used to reclaim salt‐degraded soils are highlighted.

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Section: Insight Into Mechanisms Regulating Salt Stress Tolerance In supporting

confidence: 64%

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

et al. 2018

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“…In summary, lateral gene transfer of nod and nif genes not only allowed non-Rhizobiaceae (albeit Rhizobiales) species to establish highly specific nitrogen-fixing symbioses with legumes, but these strains also are likely to have genes for plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits that are lacking in classical rhizobia (Andrews and Andrews 2017).…”

Section: Rhizobial and Nonrhizobial Bacteria That Fix Nitrogen And Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nodule Microbiome: N₂-Fixing Rhizobia Do Not Live Alone

Martínez‐Hidalgo

Hirsch

2017

Phytobiomes Journal

238

163

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For decades, rhizobia were thought to be the only nitrogen-fixing inhabitants of legume nodules, and biases in culture techniques prolonged this belief. However, other bacteria, which are not typical rhizobia, are often detected within nodules obtained from soil, thus revealing the existence of a phytomicrobiome where the interaction among the individuals is not only complex, but also likely to affect the behavior and fitness of the host plant. Many of these nonrhizobial bacteria are nitrogen fixers, and some also induce nitrogen-fixing nodules on legume roots. Even more striking is the incredibly diverse population of bacteria residing within nodules that elicit neither nodulation nor nitrogen fixation. Yet, this community exists within the nodule, albeit clearly out-numbered by nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. Few studies of the function of these nodule-associated bacteria in nodules have been performed, and to date, it is not known whether their presence in nodules is biologically important or not. Do they confer any benefits to the Rhizobium-legume nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, or are they parasites/saprophytes, contaminants, or commensals? In this review, we highlight the lesser-known bacteria that dwell within nitrogen-fixing nodules and discuss their possible role in this enclosed community as well as any likely benefits to the host plant or to the rhizobial inhabitants of the nodule. Although many of these nodule inhabitants are not capable of nitrogen fixation, they have the potential to enhance legume survival especially under conditions of environmental stress. This knowledge will be useful in defining strategies to employ these bacteria as bioinoculants by themselves or combined with rhizobia. Such an approach will enhance rhizobial performance or persistence as well as decrease the usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

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“…Although European, African and American species of Lupinus are generally considered to be nodulated by slowgrowing rhizobia affiliated to different Bradyrhizobium lineages (see Andrews and Andrews 2017 The ability of Microvirga to nodulate lupines may be related to the soil physicochemical properties where they grow. It is known that biotic, for example, the composition and diversity of the microbial community, and abiotic factors, such as salinity, pH, altitude, nutrient availability, etc., play an important role in the interactions between the two partners (Thrall et al 2011;Lemaire et al 2015Lemaire et al , 2016Wang et al 2017;de Castro-Pires et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microvirgasp. symbiovar mediterranense nodulatesLupinus cosentiniigrown wild in Morocco

et al. 2019

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Aim To analyse the diversity of nodule‐forming bacteria isolated from Lupinus cosentinii naturally grown in the Maamora cork oak forest (Rabat, Morocco). Methods and Results Of the 31 bacterial strains, four were selected based on their REP‐PCR fingerprinting that were studied by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rRNA, gyrB, dnaK, recA and rpoB housekeeping genes as well as the nodC symbiotic gene. The nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of the four representative strains showed that they are related to Tunisian strains of genus Microvirga isolated from L. micranthus with nucleotide identity values ranging from 98·67 to 97·13%. The single and concatenated sequences of the 16S rRNA, gyrB, dnaK, recA and rpoB housekeeping genes indicated that the L. cosentinii‐isolated strains had 99·2–99·9% similarities with the Tunisian L. micranthus microsymbionts. The nodC gene phylogeny revealed that the Moroccan strains clustered in the newly described mediterranense symbiovar, and nodulation tests showed that they nodulated not only L. cosentinii but also L. angustifolius, L. luteus and L. albus. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the isolation, molecular identification and phylogenetic diversity of L. cosentinii nodule‐forming endosymbionts and of their description as members of the Microvirga genus. Significance and Impact of the Study In this work, we show that Microvirga sp. can be isolated from root nodules of wild‐grown L. cosentinii in Northeast Africa, that selected strains also nodulate L. angustifolius, L. luteus and L. albus, and that they belong to symbiovar mediterranense. In addition, our data support that the ability of Microvirga to nodulate lupines could be related to the soil pH, its geographical distribution being more widespread than expected.

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Specificity in Legume-Rhizobia Symbioses

Cited by 276 publications

References 320 publications

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

The Nodule Microbiome: N₂-Fixing Rhizobia Do Not Live Alone

Microvirgasp. symbiovar mediterranense nodulatesLupinus cosentiniigrown wild in Morocco

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Specificity in Legume-Rhizobia Symbioses

Cited by 276 publications

References 320 publications

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

The Nodule Microbiome: N2-Fixing Rhizobia Do Not Live Alone

Microvirgasp. symbiovar mediterranense nodulatesLupinus cosentiniigrown wild in Morocco

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The Nodule Microbiome: N₂-Fixing Rhizobia Do Not Live Alone