Specific Tissue Alteration in Leprous Skin

Liban, E

doi:10.1001/archderm.1955.01540280017003

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The search retrieved 12 case reports/series of human patients with concurrent leprosy and TL, but none of them contained evidence of a significant interaction between the two infections. Leprosy and TL are both caused by obligate intracellular organisms and involve a broad spectrum of clinical, histopathological, and immunological manifestations [ 6 , 70 , 73 – 83 ]. The paucibacillary/pauciparasitic type of disease (tuberculoid leprosy and localised cutaneous leishmaniasis) is at one pole of the spectrum and reflects effective T-cell immunity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paucibacillary/pauciparasitic type of disease (tuberculoid leprosy and localised cutaneous leishmaniasis) is at one pole of the spectrum and reflects effective T-cell immunity. At the other pole of the spectrum is the multibacillary/multiparasitic type of disease (lepromatous leprosy and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis), which occurs when the antigen-specific T-cell response is depressed [ 70 , 82 – 83 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to these naturally occurring combinations of TL and leprosy, we found descriptions of artificially induced coinfection [ 83 , 84 ]. In the 1950s and 1960s, it was common practice in some Leishmania -endemic areas to immunise people against leishmaniasis by the inoculation of live Leishmania tropica parasites (‘leishmanisation’).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty-three patients showed the classical clinical progression of cutaneous leishmaniasis at the site of inoculation. The authors suggested that this clinical response to vaccination was similar to that of people without leprosy [ 83 ]. One additional patient with lepromatous leprosy, described in a separate report, developed diffuse leishmaniasis after vaccination, but (also in this person) the lesions healed spontaneously.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tegumentary leishmaniasis and coinfections other than HIV

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundTegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is a disease of skin and/or mucosal tissues caused by Leishmania parasites. TL patients may concurrently carry other pathogens, which may influence the clinical outcome of TL.Methodology and principal findingsThis review focuses on the frequency of TL coinfections in human populations, interactions between Leishmania and other pathogens in animal models and human subjects, and implications of TL coinfections for clinical practice. For the purpose of this review, TL is defined as all forms of cutaneous (localised, disseminated, or diffuse) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection, superinfection with skin bacteria, and skin manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis are not included. We searched MEDLINE and other databases and included 73 records: 21 experimental studies in animals and 52 studies about human subjects (mainly cross-sectional and case studies). Several reports describe the frequency of Trypanosoma cruzi coinfection in TL patients in Argentina (about 41%) and the frequency of helminthiasis in TL patients in Brazil (15% to 88%). Different hypotheses have been explored about mechanisms of interaction between different microorganisms, but no clear answers emerge. Such interactions may involve innate immunity coupled with regulatory networks that affect quality and quantity of acquired immune responses. Diagnostic problems may occur when concurrent infections cause similar lesions (e.g., TL and leprosy), when different pathogens are present in the same lesions (e.g., Leishmania and Sporothrix schenckii), or when similarities between phylogenetically close pathogens affect accuracy of diagnostic tests (e.g., serology for leishmaniasis and Chagas disease). Some coinfections (e.g., helminthiasis) appear to reduce the effectiveness of antileishmanial treatment, and drug combinations may cause cumulative adverse effects.Conclusions and significanceIn patients with TL, coinfection is frequent, it can lead to diagnostic errors and delays, and it can influence the effectiveness and safety of treatment. More research is needed to unravel how coinfections interfere with the pathogenesis of TL.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%