Specific and Generalized Neuropsychological Deficits: A Comparison of Patients With Various First-Episode Psychosis Presentations

Zanelli, Jolanta; Reichenberg, Abraham; Morgan, Kevin; Fearon, Paul; Kravariti, Eugenia; Dazzan, Paola; Morgan, Craig; Zanelli, Caroline; Demjaha, Arsime; Jones, Peter B.; Doody, Gillian A.; Kapur, Shitij; Murray, Robin M.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09010118

Cited by 185 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…17 The negative association between age and years of education on TMT-A scores is in accordance with the decreased attention and processing speed 17 observed with age and lower general intelligence in patients with first-episode psychosis. 28,56 Our study focused on patients with first-episode schizophrenia to exclude effects due to chronic evolution of the disease. In the present study, patients were untreated or treated for only a few days, thus limiting the possible effects of medication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive control deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia is associated with complex deviations of early brain development

Plaze

Oppenheim

Gaillard

et al. 2017

JPN

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive control deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia is associated with complex deviations of early brain development

Plaze

Oppenheim

Gaillard

et al. 2017

JPN

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“…Zanelli et al 16 confirmed that those with schizophrenia demonstrated pervasive cognitive deficits, while those with bipolar disorder showed few; in particular, the schizophrenic patients showed premorbid cognitive deficits, which were absent in bipolar patients.…”

Section: Patients With First Episode Of Illnessmentioning

confidence: 94%

How Genes and Environmental Factors Determine the Different Neurodevelopmental Trajectories of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Demjaha

MacCabe

Murray

2011

Schizophrenia Bulletin

158

111

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The debate endures as to whether schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are separate entities or different manifestations of a single underlying pathological process. Here, we argue that this sterile argument obscures the fact that the truth lies somewhere in between. Thus, recent studies support a model whereby, on a background of some shared genetic liability for both disorders, patients with schizophrenia have been subject to additional genetic and/or environmental factors that impair neurodevelopment; for example, copy number variants and obstetric complications are associated with schizophrenia but not with bipolar disorder. As a result, children destined to develop schizophrenia show an excess of neuromotor delays and cognitive difficulties while those who later develop bipolar disorder perform at least as well as the general population. In keeping with this model, cognitive impairments and brain structural abnormalities are present at first onset of schizophrenia but not in the early stages of bipolar disorder. However, with repeated episodes of illness, cognitive and brain structural abnormalities accumulate in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, thus clouding the picture.

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“…21 At the time of the first psychotic episode in adults, patients with schizophrenia seem to have widespread cognitive impairment compared with controls, while patients with bipolar disorder have much less impairment apparently mainly in scores on tests assessing delayed verbal memory and category fluency. 22 It is noteworthy that onset of a first psychotic episode, whether of schizophrenia or mania, is in many cases coincident in time with cognitive maturation of the prefrontal and parietal cortices.…”

Section: Cognitive Impairment During Development In Schizophrenia Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Neurodevelopmental Trajectories in Patients With Early-Onset Bipolar and Schizophrenia Disorders

Arango¹,

Fraguas

Parellada

2013

Schizophrenia Bulletin

105

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Schizophrenia and bipolar disorders share not only clinical features but also some risk factors such as genetic markers and childhood adversity, while other risk factors such as urbanicity and obstetric complications seem to be specific to schizophrenia. An intriguing question is whether the wellestablished abnormal neurodevelopment present in many children and adolescents who eventually develop schizophrenia is also present in bipolar patients. The literature on adult bipolar patients is controversial. We report data on a subgroup of patients with pediatric-onset psychotic bipolar disorder who seem to share some developmental trajectories with patients with early-onset schizophrenia. These earlyonset psychotic bipolar patients have low intelligence quotient, more neurological signs, reduced frontal gray matter at the time of their first psychotic episode, and greater brain changes than healthy controls in a pattern similar to earlyonset schizophrenia cases. However, patients with earlyonset schizophrenia seem to have more social impairment, developmental abnormalities (eg, language problems), and lower academic achievement in childhood than early-onset bipolar patients. We suggest that some of these abnormal developmental trajectories are more related to the phenotypic features (eg, early-onset psychotic symptoms) of these 2 syndromes than to categorically defined Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders disorders.

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Specific and Generalized Neuropsychological Deficits: A Comparison of Patients With Various First-Episode Psychosis Presentations

Abstract: Early in their course, cognitive deficits are present in all psychotic disorders but are most severe and pervasive in schizophrenia and least pervasive in bipolar disorder and mania.

Cited by 185 publications

References 36 publications

Cognitive control deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia is associated with complex deviations of early brain development

Cognitive control deficit in patients with first-episode schizophrenia is associated with complex deviations of early brain development

How Genes and Environmental Factors Determine the Different Neurodevelopmental Trajectories of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Differential Neurodevelopmental Trajectories in Patients With Early-Onset Bipolar and Schizophrenia Disorders

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