Species diversity and estimation of carbon stock in abandoned shrimp pond of mangrove ecosystem in East Kalimantan

Abstract

The mangrove forest ecosystem plays an absorbent and carbon sink to reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere, including in degraded mangrove areas. This research was conducted precisely on abandoned shrimp ponds in mangrove areas in the Mahakam Delta. Four different locations are locating on Sepatin ponds, ponds, ponds, and ponds Bayur headland. The purpose of this study was to estimate the above-ground carbon stock in abandoned shrimp ponds. Carbon stock measurement methods create a 125 m transect and quadrant divided into six plots at each location. These measurements were conducted on living vegetation and dead wood from felling vegetation. Measurement of above-ground biomass was done by measuring the tree diameter at breast height (1.3 m) on each tree diameter> 5 cm in radius quadrant plot 7 m. Vegetation has a diameter <5 cm categorized in seedling criteria and measured 30 cm from the ground within the quadrant plot radius of 2 m. The vegetation diversity experienced a succession calculated using the diversity index by calculating the dominance index, diversity index, and similarity index of vegetation. While the calculation of above-ground biomass accumulation using allometric equations according to the species. The results showed that vegetation analysis in the fourth study sites obtained a high dominance index value at each location. The study is inversely proportional to the value of diversity and similarity index. The highest total carbon stock at Tanjung Nipah location was 11.599 Mg C. Ha -1, followed by Sepatin 6.248 Mg C. Ha -1, Benati Dalam 3.579 Mg C. Ha -1, and lowest carbon stock at Bayur location 1.460 Mg C. Ha -1.

Carbon stock at several types of mangrove ecosystems in Bregasmalang, Central Java, Indonesia

“…In Indonesia, the above-ground carbon in the Bregasmalang mangrove ecosystem is higher than in other locations such as Paliat Island Sumenep East Java, which is 10.8 Mg ha -1 (Hidayah and Andriyani 2019); Ciletuh West Java at 14.93 Mg ha -1 (Kusmana et al 2019); the secondary mangrove forest of Pulau Sembilan Village, North Sumatra 23.73 Mg ha -1 (Basyuni and Simanjutak 2021); and Pannikiang Island (South Sulawesi) 5.34 ± 0.17 Mg ha -1 (Malik et al 2022). Meanwhile, in the pond mangrove ecosystem, the average above-ground carbon stock in Bregasmalang at 17.31 Mg ha -1 was higher than in Tanjung Nipah and Sepatin (East Kalimantan) at 11.6 Mg ha -1 and 6.25 Mg ha -1 , respectively (Diana et al 2021).…”

Soil carbon stock in different of mangrove ecosystem in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

“…The majority of pond aquaculture operations take place in mangrove-covered coastal areas. On the river bank of the Salo Sumbala, Muara Badak, in the Mahakam Delta, the secondary mangrove ecosystem is still in great condition [5].…”

“…In order to lessen global warming and climate change, the carbon contained in soil, such as soil organic carbon (SOC), can be removed from the atmosphere [8]. Carbon stock research in natural mangroves and ponds has been widely conducted in the Mahakam Delta [3,5]. Meanwhile, more information on carbon soil stocks in rehabilitated areas, particularly where ponds once existed, is required.…”

Soil organic carbon stores in the mangrove forest restoration of ex-ponds in the Salo Palai Village of Kutai Kartanegara

“…The need for increase places an emphasis on the building of physical infrastructure with an eye toward economic goals [7,11,20]. Mangrove forests in the Mahakam Delta have traditionally been used by people for a variety of purposes, including fuel, hut construction, and charcoal production [21]. Such use is still acceptable as long as it does not reach commercial scale.…”