Spatio-temporal Trends in Soil Solution Bc/Al and N in Relation to Critical Limits in European Forest Soils

Iost, Susanne; Rautio, Pasi; Lindroos, Antti‐Jussi

doi:10.1007/s11270-011-0958-7

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The Nmin concentration and the Bc/Al ratio were calculated for each sample using the NO 3 − , NH 4 + , Bc and total Al concentrations. Annual mean concentrations as well as the proportion of samples (f ss ) exceeding critical limits (Table 1) were calculated for each plot, depth and year and aggregated for the top 40-cm layer of soil as specified by Iost et al (2012). The same parameters were calculated for the depth of the deepest lysimeters per plot (from 10-to 250-cm depth). )…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same parameters were calculated for the depth of the deepest lysimeters per plot (from 10-to 250-cm depth). ) of nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) as compiled by Stefan et al (1997), ratios of N/Mg and N/K according to Mellert and Göttlein (2012); species-specific critical limits of the molar ratio of base cations to total aluminium (Bc/ Al) and of the inorganic N concentration in the mineral top soil solution (Nmin, mg L −1 ) regarding nutrient imbalances, and the critical limit for the mineral N concentration in the soil solution below the rooting zone (Nmin) regarding nitrogen saturation (Stefan et al 1997) b Mellert and Göttlein (2012) c Sverdrup and Warfvinge (1993) and Lorenz et al (2008) d Iost et al (2012) *Adapted…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This acceptable flux itself is often based on critical limits for Nmin. Such Nmin thresholds have been defined as a criterion for nutrient imbalances, elevated nitrate leaching or enhanced sensitivity to frost and fungal diseases (Table 1, Spranger et al 2004;Iost et al 2012). A general threshold of Bc/Al=1 is a widely used criterion to derive SSMB critical loads for acidity, assuming that higher Bc/Al values will not damage tree roots (Spranger et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exceedance of critical loads and of critical limits impacts tree nutrition across Europe

Waldner

Thimonier

Pannatier

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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International audienceAbstractKey messageExceedance of critical limits in soil solution samples was more frequent in intensively monitored forest plots across Europe with critical loads for acidity and eutrophication exceeded compared to other plots from the same network. Elevated inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soil solution tended to be related to less favourable nutritional status.ContextForests have been exposed to elevated atmospheric deposition of acidifying and eutrophying sulphur and nitrogen compounds for decades. Critical loads have been identified, below which damage due to acidification and eutrophication are not expected to occur.AimsWe explored the relationship between the exceedance of critical loads and inorganic nitrogen concentration, the base cation to aluminium ratio in soil solutions, as well as the nutritional status of trees.MethodsWe used recent data describing deposition, elemental concentrations in soil solution and foliage, as well as the level of damage to foliage recorded at forest plots of the ICP Forests intensive monitoring network across Europe.ResultsCritical loads for inorganic nitrogen deposition were exceeded on about a third to half of the forest plots. Elevated inorganic nitrogen concentrations in soil solution occurred more frequently among these plots. Indications of nutrient imbalances, such as low magnesium concentration in foliage or discolouration of needles and leaves, were seldom but appeared more frequently on plots where the critical limits for soil solution were exceeded.ConclusionThe findings support the hypothesis that elevated nitrogen and sulphur deposition can lead to imbalances in tree nutrition

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exceedance of critical loads and of critical limits impacts tree nutrition across Europe

Waldner

Thimonier

Pannatier

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Boxman, Peters, & Roelofs, 2008;Meesenburg et al, 2016;Vanguelova et al, 2010;Verstraeten et al, 2012). In contrast to Iost et al (2012) where no changes were found at most plots, the decreasing concentrations here potentially indicate an initial recovery from N saturation; however, N critical loads are still exceeded in many areas in Europe (Waldner et al, 2015), a situation that is likely to persist for several decades (Posch et al, 2015). This study was not focused specifically on assessing changes in N status, and included plots that were strongly N-limited, with NO À 3 concentrations close to or below detection limit.…”

Section: In the Lower Mineral Soilmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In contrast to surface waters, there have been relatively few regional assessments of changes in soil solution in response to decreasing acid deposition. Iost, Rautio, and Lindroos () found no change in the soil solution Bc:Al tot molar ratio or inorganic N at ICP Forests plots with at least 5 years of data up to the mid‐2000s. However, changes in S, pH, ANC and other parameters have yet to be assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of soil solution chemistry in European forests to decreasing acid deposition

Johnson

Pannatier

Carnicelli

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

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Acid deposition arising from sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) emissions from fossil fuel combustion and agriculture has contributed to the acidification of terrestrial ecosystems in many regions globally. However, in Europe and North America, S deposition has greatly decreased in recent decades due to emissions controls. In this study, we assessed the response of soil solution chemistry in mineral horizons of European forests to these changes. Trends in pH, acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), major ions, total aluminium (Al ) and dissolved organic carbon were determined for the period 1995-2012. Plots with at least 10 years of observations from the ICP Forests monitoring network were used. Trends were assessed for the upper mineral soil (10-20 cm, 104 plots) and subsoil (40-80 cm, 162 plots). There was a large decrease in the concentration of sulphate (SO42-) in soil solution; over a 10-year period (2000-2010), SO42- decreased by 52% at 10-20 cm and 40% at 40-80 cm. Nitrate was unchanged at 10-20 cm but decreased at 40-80 cm. The decrease in acid anions was accompanied by a large and significant decrease in the concentration of the nutrient base cations: calcium, magnesium and potassium (Bc = Ca + Mg + K ) and Al over the entire dataset. The response of soil solution acidity was nonuniform. At 10-20 cm, ANC increased in acid-sensitive soils (base saturation ≤10%) indicating a recovery, but ANC decreased in soils with base saturation >10%. At 40-80 cm, ANC remained unchanged in acid-sensitive soils (base saturation ≤20%, pHCaCl2 ≤ 4.5) and decreased in better-buffered soils (base saturation >20%, pHCaCl2 > 4.5). In addition, the molar ratio of Bc to Al either did not change or decreased. The results suggest a long-time lag between emission abatement and changes in soil solution acidity and underline the importance of long-term monitoring in evaluating ecosystem response to decreases in deposition.

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Variability and relationships between Pb, Cu, and Zn concentrations in soil solutions and forest floor leachates at heavily polluted sites

Kabała

Karczewska

Medyńska‐Juraszek

2014

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Seasonal variability of Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in litter leachates and soil solutions was examined in an afforested zone surrounding a copper smelter in SW Poland. Litter leachates (with zero-tension lysimeters) and soil solutions (with MacroRhizon suction-cup samplers, installed at a depth of 25-30 cm) were collected monthly at three sites differing in contamination levels in the years 2009 and 2010 (total Cu: 2380, 439, and 200 mg kg -1 , respectively). Concentrations of Cu in the litter leachate were correlated with dissolved organic C (DOC), whereas Zn and Pb were mainly related to leachate pH. Metal concentrations in the soil solution were weakly influenced by their total content in soils and the monthly fluctuations reached 300, 600, and 700% for Cu, Pb, and Zn, respectively. Metal concentrations in soil solutions (Cu 110-460 lg L -1 ; Zn 20-1190 lg L -1 ; Pb 0.5-36 lg L -1 ) were correlated with their contents in the litter leachates. Chemical speciation, using Visual Minteq 3.0, proved organically-complexed forms even though the correlations between metal concentrations and soil solution pH and DOC were statistically insignificant. The flux of organically-complexed metals from contaminated forest floors is believed to be a direct and crucial factor affecting the actual heavy metal concentrations and their forms in the soil solutions of the upper mineral soil horizons.Key words: soil solution / metal fluxes / heavy metals / forest litter / dissolved organic carbon / metal speciation

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Spatio-temporal Trends in Soil Solution Bc/Al and N in Relation to Critical Limits in European Forest Soils

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Exceedance of critical loads and of critical limits impacts tree nutrition across Europe

Exceedance of critical loads and of critical limits impacts tree nutrition across Europe

The response of soil solution chemistry in European forests to decreasing acid deposition

Variability and relationships between Pb, Cu, and Zn concentrations in soil solutions and forest floor leachates at heavily polluted sites

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