Spatial variability of soil hydraulic conductivity along a tropical rainforest catena

Sobieraj, J.A; Elsenbeer, Helmut; Coelho, Ricardo Marques; Newton, B

doi:10.1016/s0016-7061(02)00122-2

Cited by 75 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…3). Segundo Sobieraj et al, (2002), estes resultados são influenciados pelas condições de maior estabilidade do terreno, conteúdo de matéria orgânica e agregação do solo, que favorecem maior capacidade de infiltração. Por outro lado os maiores intervalos de confiança, que por sua vez, evidenciam maior variabilidade da condutividade hidráulica foi verificada no topo alto de ambos os horizontes diagnósticos e no sopé de transporte dos horizontes diagnósticos subsuperficiais, estes resultados possivelmente estão associados às caracteristicas da própria variável.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Segmentos de vertente e atributos do solo de uma toposseqüência na região de Manicoré, AM

Campos¹,

Ribeiro²,

Júnior³

et al. 2010

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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Resumo -As variações dos atributos do solo ocorrem em função de vários fatores tais como: clima, material de origem, vegetação e, especialmente do relevo, que regula o escoamento superficial e a drenagem, e tem influência no tempo de exposição dos materiais à ação do intemperismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a influência dos diferentes segmentos de vertente nos atributos do solo em uma toposseqüência na região de Manicoré, AM. Foi estabelecido um caminhamento de 3.000 m a partir do "espigão" da vertente no sentido do caimento mais suave do relevo e os segmentos da vertente foram determinados com base na "quebra" de declive do terreno. Foram coletadas 20 amostras nos diferentes segmentos de vertentes identificados: topo alto: 0,0-0,19 e 0,37-0,60 m; meia encosta: 0,0-0,28 e 0,60-0,80 m; sopé de transporte: 0,0-0,15 e 0,42-0,71 m e topo baixo: 0,0-0,15 e 0,20-0,40 m. O critério de escolha das profundidades foi à coincidência com os horizontes diagnósticos superficiais e subsuperficiais determinados na descrição morfológica dos perfis. Foram realizadas análises físicas de textura, densidades do solo e das partículas, porosidade total e condutividade hidráulica, Nas análises químicas foram determinados pH, em água e em KCl, Ca, Mg, K, e Al trocáveis, P disponível, H+Al e C orgânico. Com o uso das técnicas estatísticas multivariadas foi possível distinguir diferentes ambientes geomórficos independentes dos segmentos de vertente identificados. As variações do relevo favoreceram a presença de solos distróficos no topo alto e solos eutróficos no sopé de transporte. Palavras-chave -Formas do relevo. Manicoré. Pedogênese.Abstract -Variations of soil properties are consequence of several factors such as: climate, parent material, vegetation and, particularly relief, which controls runoff and drainage, and has influence in the exposure of parent materials to the weathering action. The objective of this work was to study the influence of the slope segments on soil attributes of a topossenquence in the Manicoré region, AM. Twenty samples were collected in each of the several slope segments identified along a 3 km transect, from the top and toward the lower part of the topography. The slope segments and the sampling depths were: high top (0.0-0.19 and 0.37-0.60 m), medium slope (0.0-0.28 and 0.60-0.80 m); lower slope (0.0-0.15 and 0.42-0.71 m) and low top (0.0-0.15 and 0.20-0.40 m). The sampling depths were coincident with the surface and subsurface diagnostic horizons defined in the profile morphological description. Physical analysis involved particle size distribution, soil and particle density, total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. In the chemical analysis pH in water and KCl, exchangeable cations, exchangeable Al, available P, H+Al, organic carbon were determined. The use of multivariate statistic techniques enabled the distinction of different soil geomorphic environments independent of the slope segments identifications. The relief variations contributed to the presence of dystrophic soils in th...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Segmentos de vertente e atributos do solo de uma toposseqüência na região de Manicoré, AM

Campos¹,

Ribeiro²,

Júnior³

et al. 2010

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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“…Effects of bioturbation have been tied to changes in soil hydraulic conductivity in intertidal (Volkenborn et al 2007), terrestrial (Sobieraj et al 2002), and freshwater systems (Nogaro et al 2006), but, to our knowledge, we are the first to propose this kind of interaction in connection with groundwater discharge to marine systems.…”

Section: Vertical Hydraulic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 90%

Hydrologic interactions of infaunal polychaetes and intertidal groundwater discharge

Dale¹,

Miller

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Groundwater discharge is a common phenomenon along sandy coasts. At Cape Henlopen, Delaware, USA, it creates low porewater salinity in spatially heterogeneous patterns over 1 to 10 m horizontally. In the present study, porewater salinity and macrofaunal communities were sampled along intertidal transects in summer and spring. We consistently observed high spatial variability in porewater salinity at 10 cm sediment depth, with changes up to 15.8 m -1. Community composition and species abundance differed between the seasons, but, in each season, communities associated with low porewater salinity (<15) differed from those associated with higher porewater salinity (15 to 24 or > 24). In general, species from a diverse pool of sand flat species gradually became absent as salinity decreased. These local community changes correlated with porewater salinity could compromise the interpretation of various benthic indices that are based on watercolumn salinity, which, at this site, remains around 28. In most samples, the polychaete Marenzelleria viridis was numerically dominant (up to 10 000 m -2 ) in burrows up to 50 cm deep. Both in the field and in cores constructed in the laboratory, we found that the number of worm burrows was highly correlated with hydraulic conductivity of the sediment. We propose that burrowing worms (especially M. viridis) at this groundwater discharge site act as hydraulic ecosystem engineers by means of their burrowing and tube building. In general, there appear to be strong physical-biological interactions among the distribution of organisms, their infaunal behavior, the hydrological properties of the sediment and the magnitude of groundwater discharge that may contribute to infaunal zonation on intertidal sand flats.

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“…The absence of spatial predictability is assumed to be caused by biogenic macroporosity, which overrides possible texture and topography dependence (Sobieraj et al, 2002), uneven breaking of soil structure due to freezing and thawing (Mohanty et al, 1991), or surface tillage in the upper horizons (Bosch and West, 1998). Hence it appears that a rather uniform soil texture and a stable soil structure that does not undergo frequent disturbance may favor the development of a predictable spatial structure of saturated hydraulic conductivity.…”

Section: Analyzing Spatial Data 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variability of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in gradients of disturbance

Zimmermann

Elsenbeer

2008

Journal of Hydrology

125

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Elektronisch veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der Universität Potsdam: http://opus.kobv. de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1640/ urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16402 [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus16402] SummaryAs land-cover conversion continues to expand into ever more remote areas in the humid tropics, montane rainforests are increasingly threatened. In addition to the loss of biodiversity, land-use change potentially deteriorates regional water cycles, which may have undesirable effects for local populations such as decreased water supply during dry seasons, enhanced flooding in the rainy season, or deterioration of drinking water quality.Montane rainforests in the south Ecuadorian Andes are not only subject to man-made disturbances but also to naturally occurring landslides. I was interested in the impact of this ecosystem dynamics on a key parameter of the hydrologic cycle, the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (synonym: permeability; Ks from here on), because it is a sensitive indicator for soil disturbances. Depending on the rainfall regime, the potential disturbance-induced decrease of Ks may become relevant for regional watersheds.My general objective was to quantify the effects of the regional natural and human disturbances on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and to describe the resulting spatialtemporal patterns. The main hypotheses were: 1) disturbances cause an apparent displacement of the less permeable soil layer towards the surface, either due to a loss of the permeable surface soil after land-sliding, or as a consequence of the surface soil compaction under cattle pastures; 2) 'recovery' from disturbance, either because of landslide re-vegetation or because of secondary succession after pasture abandonment, involves an apparent displacement of the less permeable layer back towards the original depth an 3) disturbances cause a simplification of the Ks spatial structure, i.e. the spatially dependent random variation diminishes; the subsequent recovery entails the re-establishment of the original structure.In my first study, I developed a synthesis of recent geostatistical research regarding its applicability to soil hydraulic data, including exploratory data analysis and variogram estimation techniques; I subsequently evaluated the results in terms of spatial prediction uncertainty. Concerning the exploratory data analysis, my main results were: 1) Gaussian uniand bivariate distributions of the log-transformed data; 2) the existence of significant local trends; 3) no need for robust estimation; 4) no anisotropic variation. I found partly considerable differences in covariance parameters resulting from different variogram estimation techniques, which, in the framework of spatial prediction, were mainly reflected in the spatial connectivity of the Ks-field. Ignoring the trend component and an arbitrary use of robust estimators, however, would have the most severe consequences in this respect.Regarding variogram modeling, I encouraged restricted maximum likelihood estimation becau...

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Spatial variability of soil hydraulic conductivity along a tropical rainforest catena

Cited by 75 publications

References 27 publications

Segmentos de vertente e atributos do solo de uma toposseqüência na região de Manicoré, AM

Segmentos de vertente e atributos do solo de uma toposseqüência na região de Manicoré, AM

Hydrologic interactions of infaunal polychaetes and intertidal groundwater discharge

Spatial and temporal variability of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in gradients of disturbance

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