Spatial distribution of tuberculosis in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, 2008-2013

Abstract

Objective:to describe the epidemiological clinical profile of tuberculosis and analyze the spatial distribution of cases in a municipality in the state of São Paulo. Method:descriptive and ecological study of cases of tuberculosis through the records in an information system. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate central tendency (mean) and chi-square test, with Yates correction or Fisher exact test, when necessary. The Kernel technique was also used to calculate the occurrence densities of tuberculosis cases, using a radius of 1000 meters. Type I error was set at 5%. Results:299 cases of tuberculosis were identified, with 290 (96.98%) being geocoded. The majority of these were male (n = 212; 70.91%), median age 40 years, and the pulmonary clinical form was predominant (n = 244, 81.60%). The distribution occurred in a non-random manner, observing important areas of the municipality with a higher density of cases of the disease. Conclusion:the study evidenced an epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases similar to those in the literature; however, their distribution does not occur in a random manner, pointing to specific population groups that require greater management and planning of health services for the control of tuberculosis.

Clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children and adolescents

“…Risk increases if the contact has smear-positive sputum, the subject is female and sleeps in the same room as the infant; and, more importantly, if the contact is malnourished (41) . The literature stresses the importance of checking the BCG vaccination (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) during childcare visits until six months, as well as the importance of knowing the characteristics of childhood TB (42) . These actions reinforce the important roles of health professionals, mostly nurses, in managing TB programs by breaking the disease transmission chain.…”

Distribuição Espacial Das Doenças Tropicais Negligenciadas Na Região Oeste Do Estado De São Paulo

“…Outro estudo sobre a distribuição espacial de Tuberculose desenvolvido em um município da região Centro-Oeste Paulista entre os anos de 2008 a 2013, aponta para a existência de aglomerados de casos em áreas alta vulnerabilidade social urbana, supostamente de riscos para a transmissibilidade da doença e/ou infecção. (FUSCO et al, 2017). Esse perfil pode justificar os dados apresentados no presente estudo, onde as mais altas incidências para Tuberculose foram observadas em municípios com alta vulnerabilidade social urbana.…”

Spatial patterns of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: correlation with sociodemographic variables and type of notification

“…Localities whose homes are poor, and lack basic sanitation, are prone to poorly functioning health services. The absence of minimum conditions for a dignified life -such as low income, absence of drinking water, deficient sanitation, environmental disorder and human settlement -configures social exclusion, making it a potential geographical space for the illness of TB and, consequently, MDR-TB (8)(9)33) .…”