Spatial distribution for diarrhea hospitalization in São Paulo State

Vaz, Fernanda; Nascimento, Luiz Fernando Costa

doi:10.1590/1806-93042017000300004

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Regarding these findings, those municipalities usually have the worst socioeconomic indicators (sewage system and safe drinking water), and, along with less access to health services, this significantly increases the risk of gastrointestinal infection and acute diarrhea. Similar data were reported in other studies, with a higher occurrence of diarrhea-related deaths in inland municipalities in the states of Maranhão, Ceará, Piauí, and Pernambuco, and in northern and central–western region states [ 2 , 6 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Space–Time Clustering and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Mortality from Diarrhea in Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil: A 20-Year Population-Based Study

et al. 2022

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Acute diarrhea is the second leading cause of death among children in developing countries and is strongly related with the socioeconomic conditions of the population. In Brazil, data show a drop in the diarrhea mortality rate. Nevertheless, the northeastern region still has the most deaths. Considering this, we analyze high-risk areas for diarrhea- and gastroenteritis-related deaths, and their association with social determinants of health (SDH) in the state with one of the worst human development indicators in Brazil (Alagoas) between 2000 and 2019. We applied temporal, spatial, and space–time risk modelling. We used a log-linear regression model to assess temporal trends and the local empirical Bayesian estimator, the global and local Moran indices for spatial analysis. Spearman’s correlation was used to correlate mortality rates with SDH. A total of 3472 diarrhea-related deaths were reported during this period in Alagoas. We observed a decreasing time trend of deaths in the state (9.41/100,000 in 2000 to 2.21 in 2019; APC = −6.7; p-value < 0.001), especially in children under one year of age. However, there was stability among adults and the elderly. We identified two high-risk spatiotemporal clusters of mortality in inland municipalities. Lastly, mortality rates correlated significantly with 90% of SDH. Taken together, these findings indicate that diarrhea diseases remain a serious public health concern in Alagoas, mainly in the poorest and inland municipalities. Thereby, it is urgently necessary to invest in measures to control and prevent cases, and improve the living conditions of the poorest populations and those with the highest social vulnerability index.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Space–Time Clustering and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Mortality from Diarrhea in Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil: A 20-Year Population-Based Study

et al. 2022

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“…Indeed, geographical proximity between the two regions can influence the spread of infectious agents associated with diarrhea in children. This hypothesis is supported by studies that found significant spatial correlation in cases of hospitalizations for diarrhea in children in the state of São Paulo, where it was observed extensively by the clustering of cases in the Northwest region (Vaz & Nascimento, 2017). These charts can not only be useful for monitoring epidemics, but can also be used to compare patterns in different epidemic diseases and locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Statistical control charts to assess the incidence of presumably infectious diarrhea reported between 2009 and 2019 in children under 4 years of age in the macro regions of Araçatuba, Marília and Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.

Navas-Úbida

Giuffrida²

2021

PSM

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Objective: To evaluate the monthly rates of hospitalizations for childhood diarrhea in macro-regions of Araçatuba, Marília and Presidente Prudente, SP, between 2019 -June Between June 2009. Methods: The average rates and their standard deviations for admission of diarrhea in the target population were obtained from DATASUS and standardized for cases x 100,000 inhabitants. Confidence limits were established, occurrences above confidence limits were considered epidemic events. The normality of the data and serial autocorrelation were tested using the Shapiro-Wilk and Durbin-Watson method. Results: All methods detected epidemic occurrences in the three regions. Araçatuba and Marília, the peaks were concentrated in the first half of the decade and Presidente Prudente, close to the middle. The CUSUM method was more sensitive to detect epidemic periods, however the normality data and assumptions have been violated by serial autocorrelation in a few months. The EWMA method was considered the most appropriate. Conclusions: Statistical process control charts can be used to monitor and compare disease incidence between different regions.

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“…Socioeconomic status was one of the main causes of diarrheal diseases among children in China (15). A study also found that the diarrheal diseases are still a crucial public health, especially in the poorest areas (16,17). Poorly populated areas generally have poor waste disposal systems, unclean drinking water sources, and difficulty accessing health services, thereby increasing the incidence of diarrhea and gastrointestinal infections (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities, Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Diarrheal Disease Among Children Under Five Years in Indonesia

Astutik,

Tama

2024

JBE

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Background: Diarrheal diseases are still a serious digestive tract infection in Indonesia. The geographical areas with lower socioeconomic inequalities and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) contribute to incline diarrheal disease among children under 5 years old. Purpose: This study aimed to map the distribution of diarrheal diseases among children under 5 years old and identify areas with higher risk in socioeconomic status and WASH. Methods: This study used secondary spatial data repository from Indonesia Demographic Health Survey 2017. This study used ecological approach to provide visual geographic distribution of diarrheal diseases among children under 5 years old, as well as to identify the risk based on the socioeconomic inequalities and WASH. The map production was performed by GIS software. Results: We found that provinces with higher percentage of diarrheal diseases in children also had higher percentage of population with the lowest socioeconomic status. Additionally, the provinces which had higher unimproved drinking water sources, unimproved sanitation facility, and limited handwashing facility, had the higher percentage of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years. Conclusion: The percentage of the lowest socioeconomic status and unimproved WASH might contribute to incline the percentage of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years. The government needs to consider the geographical area to decrease the diarrheal diseases among children under 5 years.

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Spatial distribution for diarrhea hospitalization in São Paulo State

Abstract: Objectives: to identify spatial pattern on hospitalization rates of children with diarrhea in the counties in São Paulo

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Space–Time Clustering and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Mortality from Diarrhea in Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil: A 20-Year Population-Based Study

Space–Time Clustering and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Mortality from Diarrhea in Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil: A 20-Year Population-Based Study

Statistical control charts to assess the incidence of presumably infectious diarrhea reported between 2009 and 2019 in children under 4 years of age in the macro regions of Araçatuba, Marília and Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.

Socioeconomic Inequalities, Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Diarrheal Disease Among Children Under Five Years in Indonesia

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