Spatial and temporal changes of Hyrcanian forest in Iran

Poorzady, M.; Bakhtiari, Fatemeh

doi:10.3832/ifor0515-002

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Today, the Hyrcanian lowland forests of Iran are depleting rapidly due to the population growth and associated socio-economic problems, industrial development and urbanism (Poorzady, Bakhtiari 2009). Consequently, the reduction in snag density would likely decrease the biodiversity in forest ecosystems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Tavankar¹,

Picchio²,

Monaco³

et al. 2014

J. For. Sci.

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Some snag characteristics were studied in three different Hyrcanian lowland forests. The highest snag density (38.4 stem·ha -1 ) was found in fully protected forests, and it was significantly higher than in selectively logged (23.7 stem·ha -1 ) and open access forests (8.8 stem·ha -1 ). The snag volume, diameter and height were also significantly higher in the fully protected forests. The number of snag species was recorded in fully protected (9), selectively logged (5) and open access forests (4). The snags were more evenly distributed among diameter, height and decay classes in the fully protected forest. The larger diameter snags (> 90 cm) and snags higher than 15 m in height were not found in the open access forest. The snags of decay class 5 had a density of 6.8 stem·ha -1 in the fully protected forest, while they had a low density (1.5 stem·ha -1 ) in the selectively logged forest and they were not found in the open access forest. Target values of snags for managed lowland forests in Iran were defined in relation to management influences.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Tavankar¹,

Picchio²,

Monaco³

et al. 2014

J. For. Sci.

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“…Urban sprawl, deforestation, and agricultural expansion are thus the most dominant LULC changes in northern Iran [9], especially in the Talar watershed. Also, 3234 species of vascular plants, 180 species of birds, and 58 mammal species in the mentioned forests [24,25] place it as a special ecological reserve in the world, with outstanding value for nature conservation.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Management through Change Processes Monitoring in Iran

et al. 2020

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The presented research investigated and predicted landscape change processes (LCPs) in the Talar watershed, northern Iran. The Land Change Modeler was used for change analysis, transition potential modeling, and prediction of land use/land cover (LULC) map. The evaluation of projected LULC map was performed by comparing the real and predicted LULC maps for the reference year, 2014. Landscape metrics and change processes were investigated for the period 1989–2014 and for exploring the situation in 2030. Results illustrated that the increase in agricultural land and residential areas took place at the expense of forest and rangeland. The distance from forests was the most sensitive parameter for modeling the transition potentials. The modelling of the LULC change projected the number of patches, the landscape shape index, interspersion and juxtaposition index, and edge density, Euclidean nearest-neighbor distance, and area-weighted shape index will amount to 65.3, 7.63, 20.1, 8.77, −1.35, and 0.61% as compared to 2014, respectively. Our findings indicated that the type of change processes that occurred was not entirely the same in 1989–2000 and 2000–2014. In addition, change processes in the creation of dry farming, orchard, and residential classes, attrition of forest and rangeland categories, and dissection in irrigated farming are projected. The dynamics of landscape metrics and change processes combined in one analytical framework can facilitate understanding and detection of the relationship between ecological processes and landscape pattern. The finding of current research will provide a roadmap for improved LULC management and planning in the Talar watershed, southern coast of the Caspian Sea.

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“…The selected gradient spans from the lowland deciduous forest at lower elevations to the montane deciduous forest at upper elevations. (Poorzady & Bakhtiari 2009). Generally, disturbance intensity decreases from lowland to mid-altitudes, and increases again in montane forests (Jafari et al 2013).…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional turnover from lowland to montane forests: evidence from the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran

Zarre¹,

Alavipanah²,

Ghahremaninejad³

2015

iForest

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Plant functional traits and functional diversity play a key role in forest ecosystems. Altitudinal patterns of plant functional diversity are poorly investigated in the Hyrcanian relict forest, northern Iran. In this study, differences in trait composition between lowland and montane forest types were analyzed. Variation of plant functional traits along a 2400 m altitudinal gradient was examined in 67 vegetation sampling plots established at different elevations along the gradient. Eight plant functional traits related to plant physiognomy, competitive ability and dispersal were considered for 174 recorded vascular plants. We used generalized linear model, principal coordinate analysis and functional diversity metrics to investigate functional changes along the gradient. The importance of different traits such as the chamaephyte life form, tiny leaves, dry indehiscent fruits and small seeds increase with altitude. In contrast, other traits including large leaves, maximum height of plants, fleshy fruits, anemophily as well as medium to large seeds decrease with increasing elevation. Our findings support the existence of strong functional differences between lowland and montane forest vegetation types. Trait associations, different environmental parameters, disturbances and especially elevation were discussed as important predictors of functional changes. Vegetation type is a key factor affecting functional diversity variation in temperate forests. Therefore, we strongly recommend exploring and considering functional diversity in forest management practices.

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Spatial and temporal changes of Hyrcanian forest in Iran

Cited by 32 publications

References 10 publications

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Landscape Management through Change Processes Monitoring in Iran

Functional turnover from lowland to montane forests: evidence from the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran

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