Spanish modified version of the palliative care outcome scale–symptoms renal: cross-cultural adaptation and validation

Abstract

BackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high symptoms burden that is related to a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and high costs of care. Validated instruments may be useful for assessing the symptoms and monitoring outcomes in these patients. The Palliative care Outcome Scale-Symptoms Renal (POS-S Renal) is a patient-reported outcome measure for assessing symptoms in CKD stage 4–5. This study is the first cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric analysis of this clinical tool. The purpose of this study is to carry out a cross-cultural adaptation of the POS-S Renal for Spanish-speaking patients, and to perform an analysis of the psychometric properties of this questionnaire.MethodsThe English version of the POS-S Renal was culturally adapted and translated into Spanish using a double forward and backward method. An expert panel evaluated the content validity. The questionnaire was pilot-tested in 30 patients. A total of 200 patients with CKD stage 4–5 filled in a modified Spanish version of the POS-S Renal and the MSAS-SF. Statistical analysis to evaluate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire was carried out.ResultsThe content validity index (CVI) was 0.97, which indicated that the content of the instrument is an adequate reflection of the symptoms in advanced CKD (ACKD). The factor analysis indicated a two-factor solution explaining 35.05% of total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated that the two factor model was well supported (comparative fit index = 0.98, root mean square error of approximation = 0.068). This assessment tool demonstrated a satisfactory test–retest reliability (r = 0.909 to factor 1, r = 0.695 to factor 2, r = 0.887 to total score), good internal consistency to factor 1 (α = 0.78) and moderate internal consistency to factor 2 (α = 0.56). Concurrent criterion-related validity with MSAS-SF was also demonstrated, with r = 0.860, which indicated a high degree of correlation with a validated instrument that has been used in patients with ACKD.ConclusionsThe Spanish modified version of the POS-S Renal is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to assess symptoms in Spanish patients with CKD stage 4–5.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0402-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

REMOVED: Validation of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and State Trait Anxiety Inventory A and B in Arabic among the Lebanese population

“…An expert committee, composed of health care professionals (psychiatrists and psychologists), a language professional and the original translator, had reviewed and revised the translated questionnaire in order to check for idiomatic and conceptual equivalence of the Arabic translated version. [17][18][19][20]…”

“…All ambiguities disappeared after repeating the process of forward-back translation. [17][18][19][20][21][22] 2.9. Sample 2…”

Validation of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and State Trait Anxiety Inventory A and B in Arabic among the Lebanese population

“…All ambiguities disappeared after repeating the process of forward-back translation. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] 2.9. Sample 2…”

Symptom Burden Clustering in Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5

“…This instrument was validated in 200 patients with CKD Stages 4 and 5 (61 patients were in the dialysis group and 139 patients in the CKM group). The Spanish modified version of POS-S Renal has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument to measure symptoms in ACKD (dialysis and CKM; Gutiérrez- Sánchez et al, 2016). In this regard, this questionnaire showed adequate psychometric properties with reference to structural validity, test-retest reliability, and criterion validity (Gutiérrez-Sánchez et al, 2016 ).…”

“…The Spanish modified version of POS-S Renal has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument to measure symptoms in ACKD (dialysis and CKM; Gutiérrez- Sánchez et al, 2016). In this regard, this questionnaire showed adequate psychometric properties with reference to structural validity, test-retest reliability, and criterion validity (Gutiérrez-Sánchez et al, 2016 ). The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) indicated a two-factor structure of the instrument, and an excellent fit for the two-factor model was obtained with the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; comparative fit index = 0.98, root mean square error of approximation = 0.068).…”