Spanish Experience on Modeling of Environmental Radioactive Contamination Due to Fukushima Daiichi NPP Accident Using JRODOS

Abstract

Since the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident, decision support systems (DSS) for supporting response of the decision makers in emergencies have been developed and refined. Data available from real accidents are used to validate these systems, thus demonstrating their real capabilities and finally to improve them. This article presents the findings of the simulation exercises using JRODOS DSS performed in Spain after the first days of the accident in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The investigation was carried out in two phases. The first phase is considered the early phase of the accident when few details of the real emissions are known (operational modeling). The second phase demonstrates how real measurements could be used (reconstructive modeling) to improve model predictions. Only major releases to the atmosphere, occurring during the first two weeks, were taken into account. Validation of the model was performed by direct comparison of the modeled results with real measurements.

Marine radionuclide transport modelling: Recent developments, problems and challenges

“…Radionuclide exchange between the dissolved and solid phases is a significant process in the transport of non-conservative radionuclides in the marine environment. A good general review is given in the book by Duursma and Carroll (1996). Water-sediment interactions are schematically shown in Fig.…”

“…Marine transport models attracted more attention after the accident in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) resulting from the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami (e.g. Kawamura et al, 2011;Behrens et al, 2012;Tsumune et al, 2012;Dvorzhak et al, 2012;Masumoto et al, 2012;SCJ, 2014, etc.). However, it should be commented that last reviews of marine radionuclide transport models were published more than a decade ago (Harms et al, 2003;Periáñez, 2005a).…”

A Study on the Transport of 137Cs and 90Sr in Marine Biota in a Hypothetical Scenario of a Nuclear Accident in the Western Mediterranean Sea

“…Models that simulate the transport of radionuclides in the marine environment have been developed since the pioneering works starting in the 1980s [1][2][3][4]. This topic has attracted more attention since the accident in Fukushima NPP (Nuclear Power Plant) in 2011, as can be seen in references [5][6][7][8][9], among many others.…”

Influence of Radioactivity on Surface Charging and Aggregation Kinetics of Particles in the Atmosphere

“…Thus, the effects of radioactivity on interparticle forces among radioactive particles or between radioactive and nonradioactive particles have not been taken into account in modeling. 2,13 However, particles containing radionuclides interact with each other and with surfaces during transport and deposition, phenomena that are not accurately predicted by conventional plume transport modeling. 14 The assumption that the particles do not change during deposition can add to the uncertainty of predicting the effect of radioactivity on the charging of environmental surfaces.…”

“…Theoretical studies have been conducted to calculate aggregation rates of radioactive particles. − The basic assumption in those studies was that effects of radioactivity on the interaction of particles are insignificant because the particles can be neutralized in a high radiation field. , This assumption arises from consideration of the source term in a reactor accident where the radiation fields are high. Thus, the effects of radioactivity on interparticle forces among radioactive particles or between radioactive and nonradioactive particles have not been taken into account in modeling. , However, particles containing radionuclides interact with each other and with surfaces during transport and deposition, phenomena that are not accurately predicted by conventional plume transport modeling . The assumption that the particles do not change during deposition can add to the uncertainty of predicting the effect of radioactivity on the charging of environmental surfaces.…”