Sorghum husk biomass as a potential substrate for production of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes by Nocardiopsis sp. KNU

Abstract

Nocardiopsis sp. KNU was found to degrade various lignocellulosic waste materials, namely, sorghum husk, sugarcane tops and leaves, wheat straw, and rice husk very efficiently. The strain was found to produce high amounts of cellulase and hemicellulase. Augmentation of cotton seed cake as an organic nitrogen source revealed inductions in activities of endoglucanase, glucoamylase, and xylanase up to 70.03, 447.89, and 275.10 U/ml, respectively. Nonionic surfactant Tween-80 addition was found to enhance the activity of endoglucanase enzyme. Cellulase produced by Nocardiopsis sp. KNU utilizing sorghum husk as a substrate was found to retain its stability in various surfactants up to 90%. The produced enzyme was further tested for saccharification of mild alkali pretreated rice husk. The changes in morphology and functional group were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Enzymatic saccharification confirmed the hydrolytic potential of crude cellulase. The hydrolysate products were analyzed by high-performance thin layer chromatography.

Sustainable extraction of ligustilide and ferulic acid from Angelicae Sinensis Radix, for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities

“…The mixed enzymes concentration and ratio was studied and the result shown in Table S5 , the highest CEV 4.35 were obtained by mixed enzyme treatment (Cel 160 U/g binding Hem 280 U/g). In addition, Cel and Hem can be made from agricultural waste, such as sorghum husk, wheat straw, sugarcane tops and leaves [48] , [49] , which is in line with SDGs. Similarly, the effects of single enzyme concentration on extraction yields of FA and LIG, respectively, and the effects of mass fractions of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (%), mass fractions of ethanol (%), ultrasound power (W) and total extraction time (min) on extraction yields and CEV were shown in Fig.…”

“…In the inflammatory response, NO and PGE 2 are synthesized by iNOS and COX-2, respectively [48] . To confirm whether the suppression of NO and PGE 2 production were related to changes in iNOS as well as COX-2 mRNA levels, qRT-PCR was performed.…”

<i>Nocardiopsis synnemataformans</i> NBRM9, an extremophilic actinomycete producing extremozyme cellulase, using lignocellulosic agro-wastes and its biotechnological applications

“…The cellulase-producing actinomycetes selected from the preliminary screening were tested for the production of the enzyme on liquid media using the modified method of Kshirsagar et al [26] . In brief, fresh seed suspensions of the selected actinomycetes were prepared by inoculating three cork borer disks (6 mm diameter) taken from a 7-day-old culture (grown on ISP–4 plates) into a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL ISP–4 broth medium.…”