“…Various nanocatalysts have been reported for the degradation of BPA at different conditions, namely, Pd/Bi 4 O 5 Br 2 (Li et al, 2018), Cu 2 FeSnS 4 (Kong et al, 2019), Gd 2 WO 6 loaded ZnO/bentonite (Selvakumar et al, 2019) CuO is a nontoxic, easy to prepare, high visible light optical absorption coefficient and has extensively gained recognition in photocatalysis (Mirzai et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2022). As a result of the lower bandgap of CuO (1.8 eV), the application of pure CuO for photocatalytic degradation has many drawbacks, such as incomplete mineralization of organics, slow interfacial kinetics and quick recombination of electrons (e À ) and hole (h + ) (Wang et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2020). Various methods have recently modified photocatalysts to improve their photodegradation rate and stability (Oh et al, 2020).…”