Some opportunities and challenges of producing bio-composites from non-wood residues

Ndazi, Bwire S.; Tesha, J. V.; Bisanda, E.T.N.

doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0216-3

Cited by 95 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The properties of those materials have been found to be comparable with the traditional materials and also involve a low-cost manufacturing process. Some challenges inherent in the use of NFsbased composites are: NFs absorb moisture due to their hydrophilic nature, and they have limited processing temperature, low dimensional stability, and poor compatibility with the completely hydrophobic polymers, resulting in poor properties (Nadzai et al 2006;Gaceva et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Laccase-Treated Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene Composites

Islam¹,

Beg²,

Gupta³

2013

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Raw and laccase-treated kenaf fibre (KF) were used individually to reinforce recycled polypropylene (RPP) using extrusion and injection moulding. Laccase was used to modify the surface of the fibre to improve the compatibility between fibre and matrix. Enzyme concentration and soaking time were considered as the treatment parameters. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used with a ratio of 1:10 as coupling agent to fibre. Fibres were characterized by density, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas composites were characterized by density, melt flow index (MFI), mechanical tests (tensile, flexural, and impact), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), field emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and water uptake analysis. Density, O/C ratio, and crystallinity of the treated fibre were increased. An optimum fibre loading of 40% gave the highest tensile properties. Tensile strength improved due to coupling agent by 37%, whereas treatment of fibre did the same by 40%. Flexural, impact, and thermal properties of the composites and crystallinity of the matrix were improved due to treatment. Morphological images of the composites showed better adhesion, and moisture absorption was reduced by 37% due to treatment and use of coupling agent.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Laccase-Treated Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene Composites

Islam¹,

Beg²,

Gupta³

2013

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, most agricultural crop and plant residues have waxy outer stalk surfaces that hinder bonding with conventional resins, and this in turn results in poor interfacial interactions (Mwaikambo and Ansell 2002;Wasycliw 2005). The interfacial interaction is important because the waste residues may have high strength and stiffness properties, but if the bonding between them is poor, then the inherent strength of the residue has no impact and the resulting composite exhibits poor mechanical properties (Zhang et al 2005;Ndazi et al 2006). Polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI) resin has been shown to successfully bond with agricultural crops and plant residues, such as miscanthus, wheat straw, corn pith, and rice straw, to produce panels that meet the required standards for specific applications (Tröger et al 1998;Wang and Sun 2002;Mo et al 2003;Halvarsson et al 2010;Zhang and Hu 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flax Shive and Hemp Hurd Residues as Alternative Raw Material for Particleboard Production

Sam-Brew¹,

Smith²

2017

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flax shive and hemp hurd residues were characterized, and the feasibility of manufacturing three-layered particleboards was evaluated using 2.5% and 5% polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate resin loadings. The flax shive and hemp hurd residues had lower bulk densities and higher aspect ratios compared with the wood residues. Their higher aspect ratios offered greater overlap in bonding, which led to consistently higher bending properties that exceeded the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) requirements for low-density (LD2) particleboard and, in some cases, medium-density (M2) particleboard. Because of their particle geometry, the flax shive and hemp hurd particleboards also showed minimal linear expansion with changes in the moisture content at 20 ± 3 °C and between 50% and 90% relative humidity. The high absorption capacity of the flax shive and hemp hurd residues resulted in higher thickness swell and water absorption properties than the wood residues. The results indicated that low-density flax shive and hemp hurd particleboards (500 to 620 kg/m 3 ) can be manufactured using isocyanate resin quantities as low as 2.5% to produce panels that conform to ANSI specifications with a greater mechanical performance than that of wood residue particleboards.

show abstract

“…For example, automotive applications based on natural fibers/polymer composites are very common today. Bio-based composites are becoming attractive in both commercial and non commercial applications [1]. Due to the global shortage for fibrous materials, worldwide shortage of trees and environmental awareness, research on the development of composites prepared using various waste materials is being actively pursued.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neural Network Based Prediction Modeling for Machinability Characteristics of Zea Fiber-Polyester Composites

Balaji

Jayabal

Sundaram

2015

Trans Indian Inst Met

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Composites based on agricultural residues are extensively used in engineering applications because of high mechanical strength accompanied by the low weight factor. Drilling is the universally used machining process in automobile and structural industries. The drilling in polymeric composites is an unavoidable operation for facilitating the assembly parts due to the reason that gluing is quite complex and non metallic nature of materials. The objective of this study is to measure and analyze the cutting conditions which influence the thrust force, torque and delamination factor in drilling of the zea fiber reinforced polyester composites. The parameters considered are spindle speed, feed rate and drill bit diameter. The drilling experiments were performed based on a full factorial design of experiments and artificial neural network model was developed to predict the influence of cutting parameters on thrust force, torque and delamination factor.

show abstract

Some opportunities and challenges of producing bio-composites from non-wood residues

Cited by 95 publications

References 7 publications

Characterization of Laccase-Treated Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene Composites

Characterization of Laccase-Treated Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene Composites

Flax Shive and Hemp Hurd Residues as Alternative Raw Material for Particleboard Production

A Neural Network Based Prediction Modeling for Machinability Characteristics of Zea Fiber-Polyester Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About