Some observations on the origin and evolution of the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)

Smartt, J.

doi:10.1007/bf00037256

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Merr. ), and the cultivated winged bean (Smartt 1976). Protein content of the leaves is superior to that recorded for the seeds of the same group except peanut and soybean.…”

Section: Psophocarpus Scandens: Kinshasa and Bas Zairementioning

confidence: 48%

“…Morphologically, this species most closely resembles the cultivated winged bean (Smartt 1980;Verdcourt and Halliday 1978). The pale blue flowers are large and exceed the size of those of the cultivated winged bean.…”

Section: Psophocarpus Lancifolius and P Grandiflorus: Kivumentioning

confidence: 96%

“…contents (in the leaves, roots, and seeds, respectively) are superior or comparable to many of the major pulse crops. The nutritious tuber is comparable to the seeds of soybean and peanut for protein and to soybean, peanut, and winged bean for lipids; it has a medium to low complement of carbohydrate (Smartt 1976). The tubers ofP.…”

Section: Psophocarpus Lancifolius and P Grandiflorus: Kivumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uses, nutritional composition, and ecogeography of four species ofPsophocarpus (fabaceae, phaseoleae) in Zaire

1990

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In Zaire the distribution offour of the wild species in the genus Psophocarpus rangesfrom humid. evergreen. Guinea-Congolian rainforests to high altitude woodlands. dry semi-deciduous forests, and savanna. Material of Psophocarpus scandens, P. grandiflorus, P. lancifolius, P. lecomtei, and P. lancifolius (yellow-seeded form) were collectedfrom wild and naturalizedpopulations in Zaire. Various organs ofP. scandens, P. grandiflorus, and P. lancifolius are used as food sources. medicinals. and as sources oftannins. Psophocarpus lancifolius and P. lecomtei have reportedly been used as a food source and fish poison. respectively. The various organs were analyzed for carbohydrate. lipid. N. S, t, K. Mg, Ca. n« Fe. AI. Mn, B. Cu. and Zn. In their own right. these species have potential for wider use as food sources and genetic material for improvement breeding with the cultivated winged bean. Local names. phenological notes. presence ofpests and diseases. and ecogeographical information are presented. Emploi, composition alimentaire et ecogeographie de quatre especes de Psophocarpus (Fabaceae, Phaseoleae) au Zaire. Au Zaire la distribution de quatre especes sauvages du genre Psophocarpus va des forets tropicales humides et chaudes des plaines de la Guinee-Congo aux bois de haute altitude. auxforets seches d'arbres caducs et a la savane. Des elements de Psophocarpus scandens, P. grandiflorus, P. lancifolius, P. lecomtei, et P. lancifolius (a semencejaune) ont ere recoltes dans la population de la brousse et des villes au Zaire. Divers organes de P. scandens, P. grandiflorus, et de P. lancifolius sont source de nourriture, de remedes medicinaux et de tannins. II a ete rapporte que le Psophocarpus lancifolius et Ie P. lecomtei sont ala fois source de nourriture et de poison de poisson. Les divers organes ont ere analyses pour leur teneur en lipids. glucides, N (proteines), S. P, K. Mg. Ca. Na, Fe. AI, Mn, B. Cu. et Zn. Chacune de ces especes pourrait devenir source de nourriture et element genetique pour ameliorer la reproduction du pois carre africain cultive. Les noms locaux, des notes phenologiques, les problemes dus aux insectes nuisibles et aux maladies. et des renseignements ecogeographiques sont aussi presentes ici. THE CULTIVATED WINGED BEAN AND ITS WILD RELATIVESThe winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. (Fabaceae), is an important source of high protein human food in southeast Asia, Papua

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“…Merr. ), and the cultivated winged bean (Smartt 1976). Protein content of the leaves is superior to that recorded for the seeds of the same group except peanut and soybean.…”

Section: Psophocarpus Scandens: Kinshasa and Bas Zairementioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Psophocarpus Lancifolius and P Grandiflorus: Kivumentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Psophocarpus Lancifolius and P Grandiflorus: Kivumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uses, nutritional composition, and ecogeography of four species ofPsophocarpus (fabaceae, phaseoleae) in Zaire

1990

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“…In support of an Africa-centric hypothesis, the chromosome number and karyotype pattern of winged bean are consistent with five Psophocarpus species from Africa (Khan 1976;Pickersgill 1980;Harder 1992): namely P. scandens, P. grandiflorus, P. palustris, P. lecomtei, and P. lancifolius (Harder and Smartt 1992). Attempts have been made to determine the possible wild African progenitor, identified as P. grandiflorus based on its morphological resemblance and shared susceptibility to the fungus Synchytrium psophocarpi (Smartt 1980;Harder and Smartt 1992), or as P. scandens, following the more recent phenetic (Maxted 1990) and cladistic (Fatihah et al 2012) analyses. The second, alternative, hypothesis postulates that P. tetragonolobus is a species distinct from current African members of the genus (Verdcourt and Halliday 1978) and arose through a mechanism of allopatric speciation preceding any purposeful or unwitting processes of domestication.…”

Section: Winged Bean In Briefmentioning

confidence: 58%

Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) for food and nutritional security: synthesis of past research and future direction

Tanzi

Eagleton

et al. 2019

Planta

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Main Conclusion Winged bean is popularly known as "One Species Supermarket" for its nutrient-dense green pods, immature seeds, tubers, leaves, and mature seeds. This underutilised crop has potential beneficial traits related to its biological nitrogen-fixation to support low-input farming. Drawing from past knowledge, and based on current technologies, we propose a roadmap for research and development of winged bean for sustainable food systems. Reliance on a handful of "major" crops has led to decreased diversity in crop species, agricultural systems and human diets. To reverse this trend, we need to encourage the greater use of minor, "orphan", underutilised species. These could contribute to an increase in crop diversity within agricultural systems, to improve human diets, and to support more sustainable and resilient food production systems. Among these underutilised species, winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) has long been proposed as a crop for expanded use particularly in the humid tropics. It is an herbaceous perennial legume of equatorial environments and has been identified as a rich source of protein, with most parts of the plant being edible when appropriately prepared. However, to date, limited progress in structured improvement programmes has restricted the expansion of winged bean beyond its traditional confines. In this paper, we discuss the reasons for this and recommend approaches for better use of its genetic resources and related Psophocarpus species in developing improved varieties. We review studies on the growth, phenology, nodulation and nitrogen-fixation activity, breeding programmes, and molecular analyses. We then discuss prospects for the crop based on the greater understanding that these studies have provided and considering modern plant-breeding technologies and approaches. We propose a more targeted and structured research approach to fulfil the potential of winged bean to contribute to food security.

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“…tetragonolobus is basically Asian and has only been introduced comparatively recently to the African mainland. This distribution is perplexing and suggests (Smartt, 1980) that the winged bean is a transdomesticate like guar (Hymowitz, 1972). The ecological preferences of the winged bean can really only be deduced from the fact that it succeeds best in moist highland tropical conditions.…”

Section: Geography and Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Grain Legumes. II. Old And New World Pulses of Lesser Economic Importance

Smartt

1985

Ex. Agric.

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SUMMARYA consideration of the apparent lack of general success of minor pulse crops can lead to a better appreciation of the factors which have made the major pulses successful. The relevant factors are both biological and economic. High productivity based on an efficient physiology, amenability to local agronomic practices and a satisfactory range of ecological tolerance are prime prerequisites for success. Aspects of quality, palatability, lack of toxic factors (or ease of detoxification), ease of preparation and cooking and the more imponderable questions of consumer preference are equally important. If any of these prerequisites are not adequately met success in cultivation is improbable. At the present time the lack of more extensive success of the winged bean appears to be due to some deficiency in ecological tolerance, and of the horse-gram and jack and sword beans to a lack of palatability; the Hausa groundnut (Kersting's groundnut) suffers from a probably inefficient physiology while limited consumer acceptance has possibly restricted production of pigeonpea and hyacinth bean. The rather limited evolutionary advance achieved by this group of pulses is probably directly related to their somewhat restricted production and the relatively low level of selection pressures to which they have been subjected.

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Some observations on the origin and evolution of the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Uses, nutritional composition, and ecogeography of four species ofPsophocarpus (fabaceae, phaseoleae) in Zaire

Uses, nutritional composition, and ecogeography of four species ofPsophocarpus (fabaceae, phaseoleae) in Zaire

Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) for food and nutritional security: synthesis of past research and future direction

Evolution of Grain Legumes. II. Old And New World Pulses of Lesser Economic Importance

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