Somatotopic mapping of the human primary somatosensory cortex by fully automated tactile stimulation using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Stippich, Christoph; Hofmann, Robin; Kapfer, Daniel; Hempel, E.; Heiland, Sabine; Jansen, Olav; Sartor, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00835-6

Cited by 90 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Somatotopical order: The order of the cortical representations for lips and fingers of the patients and the controls is consistent with several previous reports [9,[14][15][16]. This indicates that, in addition to the Euclidian distance and the orthogonal direction such as superior-inferior or mediallateral, the polar angle is effective in examining somatotopical organization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Sensory mapping of lip representation in brass musicians with embouchure dystonia

et al. 2004

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Sensory mapping of lip representation in brass musicians with embouchure dystonia

et al. 2004

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“…Similar concerns may exist for experiments that apply electrical stimulation on the skin (Blankenburg et al, 2003;McGlone et al, 2002). Pneumatically driven vibrators and air-puff devices are devoid of electromagnetic interference because they use plastic tubes www.elsevier.com/locate/ynimg NeuroImage 34 (2007) 1060 -1073 and MR-compatible materials inside the scanner (Briggs et al, 2004;Golaszewski et al, 2002b;Overduin and Servos, 2004;Servos et al, 1998Servos et al, , 1999Stippich et al, 1999Stippich et al, , 2004Zappe et al, 2004). Pneumatically driven devices usually generate tactile stimulation at lower frequencies (< 150 Hz), which are sufficient for eliciting somatosensory responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies using fMRI have revealed somatotopic representations of the hand, fingers, wrist, elbow, shoulder, foot, toes, lips, and tongue in human brains (Alkadhi et al, 2002;Beisteiner et al, 2001;Blankenburg et al, 2003;Dechent and Frahm, 2003;Francis et al, 2000;Gelnar et al, 1998;Golaszewski et al, 2006;Hanakawa et al, 2005;Hlustik et al, 2001;Kurth et al, 2000;Lotze et al, 2000;McGlone et al, 2002;Miyamoto et al, 2006;Moore et al, 2000a;Overduin and Servos, 2004;Ruben et al, 2001;Servos et al, 1998;Stippich et al, 1999Stippich et al, , 2004van Westen et al, 2004; also see reviews in Burton, 2002). The human face contains important sensory organs and is essential for verbal and nonverbal communications in daily life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human face contains important sensory organs and is essential for verbal and nonverbal communications in daily life. However, only a few studies investigated somatotopy of the human face (including the lips and ears) using fMRI (Corbetta et al, 2002;DaSilva et al, 2002;Disbrow et al, 2000;Hodge et al, 1998;Iannetti et al, 2003;Miyamoto et al, 2006;Nihashi et al, 2002;Servos et al, 1999;Stippich et al, 1999) and other non-invasive and invasive techniques (Nakamura et al, 1998;Nevalainen et al, 2006;Nguyen et al, 2004Nguyen et al, , 2005Sato et al, 2002Sato et al, , 2005Schwartz et al, 2004;Yang et al, 1993). In most studies, only two or three locations on the face were stimulated manually or automatically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dodecapus: An MR-compatible system for somatosensory stimulation

Huang

Sereno

2007

NeuroImage

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Somatotopic mapping of human body surface using fMRI is challenging. First, it is difficult to deliver tactile stimuli in the scanner. Second, multiple stimulators are often required to cover enough area of the complex-shaped body surface, such as the face. In this study, a computer-controlled pneumatic system was constructed to automatically deliver air puffs to 12 locations on the body surface through an MR-compatible manifold (Dodecapus) mounted on a head coil inside the scanner bore. The timing of each air-puff channel is completely programmable and this allows systematic and precise stimulation on multiple locations on the body surface during functional scans. Three two-condition block-design "Localizer" paradigms were employed to localize the cortical representations of the face, lips, and fingers, respectively. Three "Phase-encoded" paradigms were employed to map the detailed somatotopic organizations of the face, lips, and fingers following each "Localizer" paradigm. Multiple somatotopic representations of the face, lips, and fingers were localized and mapped in primary motor cortex (MI), ventral premotor cortex (PMv), polysensory zone (PZ), primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortex, parietal ventral area (PV) and 7b, as well as anterior and ventral intraparietal areas (AIP and VIP). The Dodecapus system is portable, easy to setup, generates no radio frequency interference, and can also be used for EEG and MEG experiments. This system could be useful for non-invasive somatotopic mapping in both basic and clinical studies.

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“…The early electrophysiological findings of Penfield and coworkers (1,2) have been confirmed and extended in several neuroimaging studies in healthy individuals (3)(4)(5)(6)(7) and have been further explored in patients and nonhuman primates with different pathologies using both electrophysiology and neuroimaging (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). The latter elicited changes in the cortical pattern of activity after a damage to the somatosensory system, manifested as functional cortical reorganization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Discontinuity of cortical gradients reflects sensory impairment

Saadon‐Grosman

Tal

Itshayek

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Topographic maps and their continuity constitute a fundamental principle of brain organization. In the somatosensory system, wholebody sensory impairment may be reflected either in cortical signal reduction or disorganization of the somatotopic map, such as disturbed continuity. Here we investigated the role of continuity in pathological states. We studied whole-body cortical representations in response to continuous sensory stimulation under functional MRI (fMRI) in two unique patient populations-patients with cervical sensory Brown-Séquard syndrome (injury to one side of the spinal cord) and patients before and after surgical repair of cervical disk protrusion-enabling us to compare whole-body representations in the same study subjects. We quantified the spatial gradient of cortical activation and evaluated the divergence from a continuous pattern. Gradient continuity was found to be disturbed at the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the supplementary motor area (SMA), in both patient populations: contralateral to the disturbed body side in the Brown-Séquard group and before repair in the surgical group, which was further improved after intervention. Results corresponding to the nondisturbed body side and after surgical repair were comparable with control subjects. No difference was found in the fMRI signal power between the different conditions in the two groups, as well as with respect to control subjects. These results suggest that decreased sensation in our patients is related to gradient discontinuity rather than signal reduction. Gradient continuity may be crucial for somatotopic and other topographical organization, and its disruption may characterize pathological processing.somatotopy | plasticity | whole-body representation | topographic maps | fMRI T he somatotopic "homunculus" representation in the human cortex is one of the most important discoveries of modern neuroscience (1, 2). The early electrophysiological findings of Penfield and coworkers (1, 2) have been confirmed and extended in several neuroimaging studies in healthy individuals (3-7) and have been further explored in patients and nonhuman primates with different pathologies using both electrophysiology and neuroimaging (8-14). The latter elicited changes in the cortical pattern of activity after a damage to the somatosensory system, manifested as functional cortical reorganization. Kaas, Merzenich, and Killackey suggested that there may be "several types of cortical reorganization, including (i) the somatotopic expansion of previously existing representations of body parts, (ii) the development of 'new' representations, (iii) the activation of large regions of the cortex from a very limited region of a receptive field surface, and (iv) a 'nonsomatotopic' activation of the cortex from scattered receptive fields" (9). The first three reorganization options were established whereas non-somatotopic representation remains understudied and unclear. A potential explanation is that most previous studies focused on the reorganization of singl...

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Somatotopic mapping of the human primary somatosensory cortex by fully automated tactile stimulation using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Cited by 90 publications

References 15 publications

Sensory mapping of lip representation in brass musicians with embouchure dystonia

Sensory mapping of lip representation in brass musicians with embouchure dystonia

Dodecapus: An MR-compatible system for somatosensory stimulation

Discontinuity of cortical gradients reflects sensory impairment

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