Somatic and behavioral ontogeny in three rat strains: Preliminary observations of dopamine-mediated behaviors and brain D-1 receptors

Species comparison of postnatal CNS development: Functional measures

“…In rats, and presumably other rodents, triggering of the reflex is not dependent on vision (Pellis et al, 1989) whereas in cats vision is required. The air righting reflex in rats can be detected as early as PND 9, and the response is fully present by PND 18 (Smart and Dobbing, 1971; Vorhees et al, 1994) with certain rat strains showing a fully functional air‐righting response by PND 15 (Unis et al, 1991).…”

Species comparison of postnatal CNS development: Functional measures

“…In rats, and presumably other rodents, triggering of the reflex is not dependent on vision (Pellis et al, 1989) whereas in cats vision is required. The air righting reflex in rats can be detected as early as PND 9, and the response is fully present by PND 18 (Smart and Dobbing, 1971; Vorhees et al, 1994) with certain rat strains showing a fully functional air‐righting response by PND 15 (Unis et al, 1991).…”

‘Quality of life’ after therapy in rats with myocardial infarction: dissociation between hemodynamic and behavioral improvement

“…In the forced exploration test, when an anxiety component was present (Knardahl and Sagvolden, 1979), the lower interest in the environment, as evidenced by less exploratory behavior, was not altered by either treatment. However, captopril treatment normalized all aspects of increased anxiety -the greater preference for the relatively safe area of the open field, the comers; the lower number of visits into the least protected area, the middle (Dishman et al, 1988;Alonso et al, 1991;Unis et al, 1991); the less rearing and more scanning behavior, and the reduced locomotor activity, as shown by the shorter distance walked (line crossings) as well as by less time spent on walking (Alonso et al, 1991;Unis et al, 1991). In contrast, dobutamine had no effect on the increased anxiety.…”

Species comparison of postnatal CNS development: Functional measures

“…In rats, and presumably other rodents, triggering of the reflex is not dependent on vision (Pellis et al, 1989) whereas in cats vision is required. The air righting reflex in rats can be detected as early as PND 9, and the response is fully present by PND 18 (Smart and Dobbing, 1971; Vorhees et al, 1994) with certain rat strains showing a fully functional air‐righting response by PND 15 (Unis et al, 1991).…”

‘Quality of life’ after therapy in rats with myocardial infarction: dissociation between hemodynamic and behavioral improvement

“…In the forced exploration test, when an anxiety component was present (Knardahl and Sagvolden, 1979), the lower interest in the environment, as evidenced by less exploratory behavior, was not altered by either treatment. However, captopril treatment normalized all aspects of increased anxiety -the greater preference for the relatively safe area of the open field, the comers; the lower number of visits into the least protected area, the middle (Dishman et al, 1988;Alonso et al, 1991;Unis et al, 1991); the less rearing and more scanning behavior, and the reduced locomotor activity, as shown by the shorter distance walked (line crossings) as well as by less time spent on walking (Alonso et al, 1991;Unis et al, 1991). In contrast, dobutamine had no effect on the increased anxiety.…”

Species comparison of postnatal CNS development: Functional measures

“…In rats, and presumably other rodents, triggering of the reflex is not dependent on vision (Pellis et al, 1989) whereas in cats vision is required. The air righting reflex in rats can be detected as early as PND 9, and the response is fully present by PND 18 (Smart and Dobbing, 1971; Vorhees et al, 1994) with certain rat strains showing a fully functional air‐righting response by PND 15 (Unis et al, 1991).…”

‘Quality of life’ after therapy in rats with myocardial infarction: dissociation between hemodynamic and behavioral improvement

“…In the forced exploration test, when an anxiety component was present (Knardahl and Sagvolden, 1979), the lower interest in the environment, as evidenced by less exploratory behavior, was not altered by either treatment. However, captopril treatment normalized all aspects of increased anxiety -the greater preference for the relatively safe area of the open field, the comers; the lower number of visits into the least protected area, the middle (Dishman et al, 1988;Alonso et al, 1991;Unis et al, 1991); the less rearing and more scanning behavior, and the reduced locomotor activity, as shown by the shorter distance walked (line crossings) as well as by less time spent on walking (Alonso et al, 1991;Unis et al, 1991). In contrast, dobutamine had no effect on the increased anxiety.…”