Solvent-controlled morphology of bismuth sulfide for supercapacitor applications

Abstract

In our study, we report a facile solvothermal method for the synthesis of Bi 2 S 3 nanoparticles with unique morphologies using water and mixed solvent systems, such as ethylene glycol/water (1:1, v/v) and butyldiglycol/water (1:1, v/v). Altering the solution mixtures used in the solvothermal synthesis allowed the shape of the Bi 2 S 3 nanoparticles to be controlled. The synthesis of Bi 2 S 3 in water at 150°C for 24 h led to the formation of sphere-like particles 100-300 nm in size. Very uniform spherical nanospheres with diameters from 50 to 90 nm formed when ethylene glycol/water mixture (1:1, v/v) was used as the solvent under the same solvothermal conditions. The butyldiglycol/water mixture promoted the formation of plate-shaped Bi 2 S 3 nanoparticles composed of nanorods. The electrochemical properties of the Bi 2 S 3 samples were determined in a three-electrode cell in 6 mol L -1 KOH using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charging/discharging and impedance spectroscopy. Among the synthesized materials, the Bi 2 S 3 sample obtained in the butyldiglycol/water mixture exhibited a superior capacitive behavior with an outstanding capacitance of 550 F g -1 (at 0.5 A g -1 ), and great cycle stability, which was reflected by a capacitance retention of 87% after 500 charge/discharge cycles. These results demonstrate the high potential of Bi 2 S 3 as an active electrode material for supercapacitors.

Effect of the Solvent Ratio (Ethylene Glycol/Water) on the Preparation of an Iron Sulfide Electrocatalyst and Its Activity towards Overall Water Splitting

“…These observations confirmed that with the change in the amount of EG in the mixed solvent, the morphology of the Fe 3 S 4 also changed and the sheet‐like structure started to form at higher EG : H 2 O ratio. The EG acted as complexing agent and thereby controlled the morphology of the hydrothermal product …”

“…The EG acted as complexing agent and thereby controlled the morphology of the hydrothermal product. [24] HR-TEM images of FS 60 and FS 80 were acquired to investigate micro-structural features of these materials. The formation of sheet-like structures was confirmed from the HR-TEM images as shown in Figure 5a-b.…”

“…Moreover, previous study revealed that changing the solvent in polyol method can regulate the morphology also. [21,24] It is well known that the electrocatalytic activity of a material greatly depends on its elecrtronic structure and morphology. [25] Thus, a systematic and elaborative study should be conducted to probe the variation in electrocatalytic activity of iron sulfide owing to the change in polyol/water ratio as solvent during synthesis.…”

Realization of Efficient Field Emitter Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Bi2S3 Heterostructures

“…The solvothermal/hydrothermal route is one of the popular synthesis methods because of high yield, facile, and low temperature . Moreover, it allows better control on the overall morphology of the final product via variation of the process parameters, such as nature of the solvent and/or surfactant, reaction temperature, and synthesis duration …”

“…[32][33][34] Moreover, it allows better control on the overall morphology of the final product via variation of the process parameters, such as nature of the solvent and/or surfactant, reaction temperature, and synthesis duration. [35][36][37][38] Recently, our group has investigated FE characteristics of pristine Bi 2 S 3 and Bi 2 S 3 -CdS heterostructures, synthesized via a single-step hydrothermal route. [39] Furthermore, the FE behavior of various rGO-based heterostructures, such as rGO-WS 2 , [40] rGO-MoS 2 , [41] rGO-MnO 2 , [42] and rGO-TiO 2 , [43] has been investigated.…”