Soluble ACE2 and angiotensin II levels are modulated in hypertensive COVID-19 patients treated with different antihypertension drugs

Elrayess, Mohamed A.; Al-Jighefee, Hadeel; Alattar, Rand A.; Abusriwil, Hatem; Al-Ruweidi, Mahmoud Khatib A A; Almuraikhy, Shamma; Parengal, Jabeed; Alhariri, Bassem; Yassine, Hadi M.; Hssain, Ali Ait; Nair, Arun Prabhakaran; Samawi, Musaed Al; Abdelmajid, Alaaeldin; Suwaidi, Jassim Al; Saad, Mohamed; Almaslamani, Muna; Omrani, Ali S.; Yalcin, Huseyin C.

doi:10.1080/08037051.2022.2055530

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…They explained these to be likely the result of raised detachment of pulmonary cell mACE2 and its release into the circulation as sACE2 [ 224 ]. Similarly, in a recent study, sACE2 and Ang II were found to increase and decrease, respectively in severe COVID-19 [ 225 ].…”

Section: Sace2: Attenuating Inflammatory Responses?supporting

confidence: 55%

S Protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword? A Narrative Review

2023

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Since the spread of the deadly virus SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, researchers have restlessly sought to unravel how the virus enters the host cells. Some proteins on each side of the interaction between the virus and the host cells are involved as the major contributors to this process: (1) the nano-machine spike protein on behalf of the virus, (2) angiotensin converting enzyme II, the mono-carboxypeptidase and the key component of renin angiotensin system on behalf of the host cell, (3) some host proteases and proteins exploited by SARS-CoV-2. In this review, the complex process of SARS-CoV-2 entrance into the host cells with the contribution of the involved host proteins as well as the sequential conformational changes in the spike protein tending to increase the probability of complexification of the latter with angiotensin converting enzyme II, the receptor of the virus on the host cells, are discussed. Moreover, the release of the catalytic ectodomain of angiotensin converting enzyme II as its soluble form in the extracellular space and its positive or negative impact on the infectivity of the virus are considered.

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Section: Sace2: Attenuating Inflammatory Responses?supporting

confidence: 55%

S Protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword? A Narrative Review

2023

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“…They explained these to be likely the result of raised detachment of pulmonary cell mACE2 and its release into the circulation as sACE2 [217]. Similarly, in a recent study, sACE2 and Ang II were found to increase and decrease, respectively in severe COVID-19 [218].…”

Section: Sace2: Attenuating Inflammatory Responses?mentioning

confidence: 77%

S protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword?

Nejat¹,

Torshizi²,

Najafi³

2022

Preprint

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Since the spread of the deadly virus SARS-CoV2 in late 2019, researchers have restlessly been seeking for unraveling how the virus factually enters the host cells. Some proteins on each side of the interaction between the virus and the host cells are involved as the major contributors to this process: 1- the nano-machine Spike protein on behalf of the virus, 2- angiotensin converting enzyme II, the mono-carboxypeptidase and the key component of renin angiotensin system on behalf of the host cell, 3- some host proteases and proteins exploited by SARS-CoV2, In this review, the complex process of SARS-CoV2 entrance into the host cells with the contribution of the involved host proteins as well as the sequential conformational changes in the Spike protein tending to increase the probability of complexification of the latter with angiotensin converting enzyme II, the receptor of the virus on the host cells, are discussed. Besides, the release of the catalytic ectodomain of angiotensin converting enzyme II as its soluble form in the extracellular space and its positive or negative impact on the infectivity of the virus are considered.

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“…A different trend was instead observed in patients suffering from hypertension [ 72 ]. In this particular population, severe cases presented higher ACE2 levels compared to both mild and moderate cases and decreased circulating AngII compared to mild subjects [ 72 ], suggesting that increased circulating ACE2 could be indicative of a more severe disease in patients under antihypertensive treatment. Indeed, a significant, although only moderate, positive correlation between plasmatic ACE2 and other indices of severity (i.e., D-dimer and length of hospitalization) was reported [ 72 ].…”

Section: The Ras and Viral Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Renin–Angiotensin System (RAS) in COVID-19 Disease: Where We Are 3 Years after the Beginning of the Pandemic

Prato,

Tiberti,

Mazzi

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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The RAS is a hormonal system playing a pivotal role in the control of blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis, the alteration of which is associated with different pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As such, it is not surprising that a number of studies have attempted to elucidate the role and balance of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in COVID-19. In this review article, we will describe the evidence collected regarding the two main enzymes of the RAS (i.e., ACE and ACE2) and their principal molecular products (i.e., AngII and Ang1-7) in SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the overarching goal of drawing conclusions on their possible role as clinical markers in association with disease severity, progression, and outcome. Moreover, we will bring into the picture new experimental data regarding the systemic activity of ACE and ACE2 as well as the concentration of AngII and Ang1-7 in a cohort of 47 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at the IRCCS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Hospital (Negrar, Italy) between March and April 2020. Finally, we will discuss the possibility of considering this systemic pathway as a clinical marker for COVID-19.

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Soluble ACE2 and angiotensin II levels are modulated in hypertensive COVID-19 patients treated with different antihypertension drugs

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

S Protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword? A Narrative Review

S Protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword? A Narrative Review

S protein, ACE2 and Host Cell Proteases in SARS-CoV2 Cell Entry and Infectivity; Is Soluble ACE2 a Two Blade Sword?

The Renin–Angiotensin System (RAS) in COVID-19 Disease: Where We Are 3 Years after the Beginning of the Pandemic

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