Solid particle erosion mechanisms of protective coatings for aerospace applications

Bousser, Étienne; Martinů, L.; Klemberg-Sapieha, J.E.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.08.037

Cited by 130 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 203 publications

(347 reference statements)

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“…The mechanism of solid particle erosion (SPE) is mainly composed of two parts: The ductile and brittle mechanisms of SPE [5,[7][8][9][10]. Ductile SPE mechanisms are characterized by material removal through plowing or cutting by the impacting particles, and erosion rates reach a maximum at low angles of incidence [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of electron microscopy techniques, erosion mechanisms of brittle SPE by elasto-plastic indentation were developed later [16,17]. Sand erosion is widely used to evaluate coatings' durability [7,18]. However, the particle is massive and discrete and the velocity and impact angle of the particle cannot be precisely controlled [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Damage Mechanism of TiN/Ti Coatings Based on Multi-Directional Impact

Fang

Chen

et al. 2019

Coatings

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TiN/Ti coatings have great application potential in improving aero-engine server lives in a dusty environment. However, the damage behavior and mechanism of the coating and substrate under high impact speed and multi-direction loading conditions has scarcely been investigated. In this paper, TiN/Ti coatings were deposited on Ti6Al4V alloys by a magnetic filter cathode vacuum arc. Multi-directional impact tests were carried out by a gas gun system at, 45°, 60°, and 90° with a velocity of 330 m/s. The damage behaviors and mechanisms of the TiN/Ti coatings were investigated and revealed by researching the damage morphology, crack propagation, and stress distribution. The results show that plastic deformation occurs both in the coatings and the substrates under high speed impacting. Cracks extend vertically downward in the TiN layer first and are deflected at the Ti layer when the driving force is not enough. Circular cracks and radical cracks are found to form network cracks on the surface of the coating and the shear stress loaded by the particles, which drives cracks’ propagation is the main reason for the peeling off on the coatings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Damage Mechanism of TiN/Ti Coatings Based on Multi-Directional Impact

Fang

Chen

et al. 2019

Coatings

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“…Two photo-interrupters were placed at the end of the barrel, 3 cm apart. By measuring the time required for the particle to travel between the two photo-interrupters (PIs), the velocity can be calculated using Equation (1). A velocity calibration curve was formulated by assessing the velocity at pressures varying between 20 -60 psi (…”

Section: Single Particle Erosion Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impacting of surfaces with hard particles, typically known as solid particle erosion, can result in material removal, or even fracture of the surface [1] [2]. This is a common issue in aerospace and oil and gas applications where components such as jet engine compressor blades or pipeline walls are subject to impacting contaminants taken in through air flow, or sand carried through oil and gas, respectively [1] [2] [3]. Plain carbon steels are commonly used in oil and gas applications, particularly as the pipeline material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion and Toughening Mechanisms of Electroless Ni-P-Nano-NiTi Composite Coatings on API X100 Steel under Single Particle Impact

MacLean¹,

Farhat²,

Jarjoura³

et al. 2019

JSEMAT

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The addition of superelastic NiTi to electroless Ni-P coating has been found to toughen the otherwise brittle coatings in static loading conditions, though its effect on erosion behaviour has not yet been explored. In the present study, spherical WC-Co erodent particles were used in single particle impact testing of Ni-P-nano-NiTi composite coatings on API X100 steel substrates at two average velocities-35 m/s and 52 m/s. Erosion tests were performed at impact angles of 30˚, 45˚, 60˚, and 90˚. The effect of NiTi concentration in the coating was also examined. Through examination of the impact craters and material response at various impact conditions, it was found that the presence of superelastic NiTi in the brittle Ni-P matrix hindered the propagation of cracks and provided a barrier to crack growth. The following toughening mechanisms were identified: crack bridging and deflection, micro-cracking, and transformation toughening.

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“…In contrast, the deposition of erosion protective coatings without adding significant weight appears to be a promising alternative. The mechanical properties of the surfaces can be selectively adjusted for a higher erosion resistance that are not possible to obtain with bulk materials [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of a nanocomposite (Ti, Al, Si)N coating with high thickness by high‐speed physical vapor deposition

Bobzin

Brögelmann

Kalscheuer

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Nanocomposite coatings such as (Ti, Al, Si)N have been demonstrated as promising candidates for the use as protection against solid particle erosion for compressor blades. Typically, nanocomposite (Ti, Al, Si)N coatings are deposited by different physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques. However, the relatively low coating thickness up to a few micrometers due to low deposition rates leads to a limited lifetime of the coatings under erosive particle bombardment. In this study, the deposition of a nanocomposite (Ti, Al, Si)N coating was performed by a hollow cathode gas flow sputtering method, the high‐speed physical vapor deposition, which enables the high‐rate deposition of thick coatings. Morphology and microstructure of the coating were investigated via scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Tribological characterization by impact tests and erosion tests demonstrates that the nanocomposite (Ti, Al, Si)N coated sample reveals a promising resistance against impact loads and the solid particle erosion. Summarily, nanocomposite (Ti, Al, Si)N coatings deposited by the high‐speed physical vapor deposition provide a high potential for the erosion protection of compressor blades.

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Solid particle erosion mechanisms of protective coatings for aerospace applications

Cited by 130 publications

References 203 publications

Study on the Damage Mechanism of TiN/Ti Coatings Based on Multi-Directional Impact

Study on the Damage Mechanism of TiN/Ti Coatings Based on Multi-Directional Impact

Erosion and Toughening Mechanisms of Electroless Ni-P-Nano-NiTi Composite Coatings on API X100 Steel under Single Particle Impact

Deposition of a nanocomposite (Ti, Al, Si)N coating with high thickness by high‐speed physical vapor deposition

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