Solar steam-driven membrane filtration for high flux water purification

Foaming photothermal inks for direct-ink writing: hierarchical design and enhanced solar-powered interfacial evaporation

“…18–21 These 3D platforms aim to boost solar evaporation, clean water production, and find applications in various hybrid scenarios, including decontamination, component adsorption, zero liquid discharge, waste energy conversion and responsive environmental stimuli. 22–31…”

Updated perspective on solar steam generation application

“…In order to keep up with this water demand, there has been a reasonably high amount of attention in interfacial evaporation via solar energy known as solar steam generation (SSG) due to its cost-effectiveness and environmentally friendly method, 4 bringing an alternative solution in supplying our current water demand. 5–7…”

Facile fabrication of oriented polyethylene terephthalate foams as novel solar interfacial vapor generator from waste bottles

“…Obtaining purified water by heating the solar interface vapor generator (SIVG) to drive upward transport of seawater and to evaporate is a green energy, high efficiency, and clean technology. 13,14 Recently, SIVGs made from poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) foam, 15 polyurethane (PU) foam, 16 natural wood, 17 hydrogel, 18 carbon aerogel, 19 nonwoven, 20 melamine resin, 21 and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) bead foam 22 had been developed. Actually, the evaporation happened on the SIVGs requires to overcome high evaporation enthalpy of water (around 2.4 Â 10 3 kJ/kg), which significantly limits the output of purified water.…”

“…Typically, the theoretical water evaporation rate of SIVG is about 1.47 kg/m 2 h under 1-sun illumination. 13 In order to reach the limit of water evaporation rate, some focus on synthesis high-efficiency photothermal particles. 23,24 However, the structural design of SIVGs is also of greater importance due to the converted heat still escapes from the SIVG through ways of heat transfer, convection, or radiation to the sea or the air even if the photothermal conversion efficiency reaches 100%, resulting in the considerable heat loss and the drastic decrease of the purified water output.…”