Solar‐QBO interaction and its impact on stratospheric ozone in a zonally averaged photochemical transport model of the middle atmosphere

McCormack, J. P.; Siskind, D. E.; Hood, L. L.

doi:10.1029/2006jd008369

Cited by 52 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Dunkerton (2001) also observed a similar double peak structure in ozone, methane, and water vapor QBO anomalies derived from HALOE data. McCormack et al (2007) reported similar structure in SBUV data. Results of numerical simulation also reported two peaks of about 4% near 24 and 32 km (Chipperfield et al, 1994;Jones et al, 1998;McCormack et al, 2007).…”

Section: Spatiotemporal Variation Of the Ozone Qbo In The Subtropicssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…McCormack et al (2007) reported similar structure in SBUV data. Results of numerical simulation also reported two peaks of about 4% near 24 and 32 km (Chipperfield et al, 1994;Jones et al, 1998;McCormack et al, 2007). Kinnersley (1998) reported similar structure in equatorial zonal winds.…”

Section: Spatiotemporal Variation Of the Ozone Qbo In The Subtropicssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…These results agree well with our results. On the other hand, the amplitude (4%) obtained from model simulation (Chipperfield et al, 1994;Jones et al, 1998;McCormack et al, 2007) is much less than the amplitude obtained from satellite data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Spatiotemporal variation of the ozone QBO in MLS data by wavelet analysis

Beig

2008

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. Spatiotemporal characteristics of the ozone quasibiennial oscillation (QBO) over the tropical-subtropical stratosphere (40 • S-40 • N) have been examined by analyzing data from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) aboard Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite (UARS) for the period 1992-1999. A combination of regression analysis and wavelet analysis combines to act as an accurate QBO filter. Wavelet analysis provides inter-annual variability of amplitude and phase of the ozone QBO in the vertical structure of tropical-subtropical stratosphere. It gives minute details of phase propagation and descend rates, which can be used as input to models. Latitude-height structure shows evidence of a secondary meridional circulation induced by the QBO as double peak structure at the equator with maximum amplitude at two pressure levels 30 hPa and 9 hPa and a node at 14 hPa. The equatorial maxima are out of phase with each other. The maximum amplitude (∼1.4 ppmv) of the ozone QBO was observed near the equator at 10 hPa. Descent rate of the easterly phase is greater than westerly. The lag correlation of the ozone QBO with circulation and variation of descent rates in the vertical structure of the stratosphere are examined in detail. In the equatorial upper stratosphere ozone anomalies descent with the rate ∼1.5 km/month but in tropics and subtropics (above 2 hPa) they propagate upward.

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Section: Spatiotemporal Variation Of the Ozone Qbo In The Subtropicssupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Spatiotemporal Variation Of the Ozone Qbo In The Subtropicssupporting

confidence: 65%

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Spatiotemporal variation of the ozone QBO in MLS data by wavelet analysis

Beig

2008

Ann. Geophys.

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“…The dominant feature observed around 30-50 hPa may be related to the connection between quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and solar activity. Some studies have in fact supported the solar influence on the lower stratosphere dynamics with the observed 11-year variation in the QBO in the stratospheric equatorial zonal winds (e.g., Labitzke, 2005;Soukharev and Hood, 2006;McCormack et al, 2007). Moreover, they showed that the combined effects of solar UV variations, the QBO and planetary wave forcing could provide a possible explanation for the 11-year ozone response in the tropical lower stratosphere, where the ozone distribution is largely controlled by transport.…”

Section: Relationship With the 11-year Solar Cyclementioning

confidence: 95%

Long-term response of stratospheric ozone and temperature to solar variability

2015

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Abstract. The long-term variability in stratospheric ozone mass mixing ratio (O 3 ) and temperature (T ) from 1979 to 2013 is investigated using the latest reanalysis product delivered by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), i.e., ERA-Interim. Moreover, using the Mg II index time series for the same time period, the response of the stratosphere to the 11-year Schwabe solar cycle is investigated. Results reveal the following features: (i) upward (downward) trends characterize zonally averaged O 3 anomalies in the upper (middle to lower stratosphere) stratosphere, while prevailing downward trends affect the T field. Mg II index data exhibit a weaker 24th solar cycle (though not complete) when compared with the previous two; (ii) correlations between O 3 and Mg II, T and Mg II, and O 3 and T are consistent with photochemical reactions occurring in the stratosphere and large-scale transport; and (iii) wavelet cross-spectra between O 3 and Mg II index show common power for the 11-year period, particularly in tropical regions around 30-50 hPa, and different relative phase in the upper and lower stratosphere. A comprehensive insight into the actual processes accounting for the observed correlation between ozone and solar UV variability would be gained from an improved bias correction of ozone measurements provided by different satellite instruments, and from the observations of the time behavior of the solar spectral irradiance.

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“…The effect of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in easterly and westerly stratospheric winds in the tropics on stratospheric ozone is a well-established effect based on both observations and stratospheric modeling and is known to affect stratospheric ozone outside the tropics as well (McCormack et al, 2007;Witte et al, 2008;WMO 2010, chapter 2, and references therein). The QBO is represented by time series of monthly averaged wind speed measurements done by the ground station in Singapore (Baldwin et al, 2001).…”

Section: Qbomentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial regression analysis on 32 years of total column ozone data

Knibbe

Laat

2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Multiple-regression analyses have been performed on 32 years of total ozone column data that was spatially gridded with a 1 × 1.5 • resolution. The total ozone data consist of the MSR (Multi Sensor Reanalysis; 1979-2008 and 2 years of assimilated SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY) ozone data (2009)(2010). The two-dimensionality in this data set allows us to perform the regressions locally and investigate spatial patterns of regression coefficients and their explanatory power. Seasonal dependencies of ozone on regressors are included in the analysis.A new physically oriented model is developed to parameterize stratospheric ozone. Ozone variations on nonseasonal timescales are parameterized by explanatory variables describing the solar cycle, stratospheric aerosols, the quasibiennial oscillation (QBO), El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and stratospheric alternative halogens which are parameterized by the effective equivalent stratospheric chlorine (EESC). For several explanatory variables, seasonally adjusted versions of these explanatory variables are constructed to account for the difference in their effect on ozone throughout the year. To account for seasonal variation in ozone, explanatory variables describing the polar vortex, geopotential height, potential vorticity and average day length are included. Results of this regression model are compared to that of a similar analysis based on a more commonly applied statistically oriented model. The physically oriented model provides spatial patterns in the regression results for each explanatory variable. The EESC has a significant depleting effect on ozone at midand high latitudes, the solar cycle affects ozone positively mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, stratospheric aerosols affect ozone negatively at high northern latitudes, the effect of QBO is positive and negative in the tropics and mid-to high latitudes, respectively, and ENSO affects ozone negatively between 30 • N and 30 • S, particularly over the Pacific. The contribution of explanatory variables describing seasonal ozone variation is generally large at mid-to high latitudes. We observe ozone increases with potential vorticity and day length and ozone decreases with geopotential height and variable ozone effects due to the polar vortex in regions to the north and south of the polar vortices.Recovery of ozone is identified globally. However, recovery rates and uncertainties strongly depend on choices that can be made in defining the explanatory variables. The application of several trend models, each with their own pros and cons, yields a large range of recovery rate estimates. Overall these results suggest that care has to be taken in determining ozone recovery rates, in particular for the Antarctic ozone hole.

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Solar‐QBO interaction and its impact on stratospheric ozone in a zonally averaged photochemical transport model of the middle atmosphere

Cited by 52 publications

References 49 publications

Spatiotemporal variation of the ozone QBO in MLS data by wavelet analysis

Spatiotemporal variation of the ozone QBO in MLS data by wavelet analysis

Long-term response of stratospheric ozone and temperature to solar variability

Spatial regression analysis on 32 years of total column ozone data

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