Solar Distillation Practice For Water Desalination Systems

Solar still is best choice of utilizing freely available solar thermal energy to purify/desalinate muddy water. The driving force for this work is the inadequate availability of clean fresh water sources and the plenty of contaminated water available for probable conversion into potable water. Among various designs available, double basin passive solar still looks attractive for thermal applications in water prone and remote areas. This work presents experimental characterization of double slope solar still using phase change materials. This work aims to improve the performance (productivity of fresh water) using Mg2SO4.7H2O as phase change material (PCM). Different tests were conducted for varying mass of the PCM. For experimentation, two identical double slope solar stills (basin area of 0.5×0.5 m 2 ) were designed, fabricated and tested for freshwater productivity. One is solar still (without PCM) and second with phase change material. A water depth of 5 cm was constant throughout the experimentation under climate conditions of Jabalpur (23° 10' N, 79° 59'E), Madhya Pradesh India. The results obtained indicate that daily distillate for solar still with Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is higher as compared to solar still without PCM. The convective heat transfer coefficient increases during the discharging period of PCM The daily freshwater productivity of 1400, 1420 & 1400 ml/m 2 /day for solar still (without Mg2SO4.7H2O), while 1800, 1900 & 1960 ml/m 2 day for the solar still (with PCM) were recorded with addition of 0.5, 0.75 and 1kg of Mg2SO4.7H2O respectively. The overall thermal efficiency of the solar still with PCM was observed to be 64%, and for a solar still without the PCM, it was 47% while the other conditions kept constant.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate as Phase Change Material in Double Slope Solar Still

Khandagre¹,

Gupta²,

Bhalavi³

et al. 2021

“…In an every field, the solar energy is used as an alternative energy source [2,3]. For water purification, solar distillation system is found sustainable and it can be installed easily in remote/rural areas where availability of drinking water is poor [4]. Basically the solar stills are classified into active and passive types [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat transfer analysis of hybrid active solar still with water flowing over glass cover

Gaur¹,

Tiwari

Singh³

et al. 2021

The aim of this research is to carry out the heat transfer analysis of PVT hybrid active solar still (HASS) at different water depth to obtain maximum output. Experimentation is performed for validation of thermal modeling with and without flowing water, having water depth of 0.15m in the solar still basin. During experimentation, water flows above the glass cover. Theoretically calculated values of basin water, basin liner, glass temperature and yield obtained using thermal modeling are very near to the experimental values having correlation coefficients 0.988, 0.981, 0.999 and 0.985 respectively. It is also found that thermal efficiency and daily exergy output increases by 4% and 8.2% respectively for this hybrid system whose glass cover is getting cooled by water flowing over it. Theoretical calculation for distillate output of the system was also calculated out for various climatic conditions of India using developed thermal modeling and it is found that proposed system gives higher annual yield of 2756.67 kg/m 2 for the climate of Mumbai. The experimental uncertainty of the HASS is obtained as 14.82%.

“…Solar desalination (SD) is a stand out among all other methods for purifying salty water. Solar still is broadly used as a part of the SD process, yet the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of a solar still is low when compared with other refining procedures [4,5]. Thus it is essential to upgrade the productivity of solar still through improving the conventional design parameters and operative methods [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Thermal Behavior of Hybrid Single Slope Solar Still

Rani

Kant

Suresh

et al. 2021

Solar energy is one of the most common and eco-friendly non-conventional types of energy source which is having various applications like purification of saline water. The experimental study of the present research work has been performed at the M.A.N.I.T, Bhopal M.P, India (latitude: 23°12′ 51″ N, longitude: 77° 25′ 0″ E) in the month of January 2018. The investigation has been performed on single slope solar still coupled with a flat plate solar collector to examine the thermal behaviour of the solar system and results have been presented in natural and forced convection mode. The overall efficiency reached up to 9.86% in natural mode where as 16.70% in forced mode. Therefore, forced mode solar still option is better and preferred.