Soil surface evaporation processes under mulches of different sized gravel

Cui, Yuan; Lei, Tingwu; Mao, Lili; Han, Lei; Yang, Weijie

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2009.03.002

Cited by 105 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The relationships between the three thicknesses of sand mulch and time of cumulative evaporation were linear (fitted by Equation (8)). This regularity was consistent with Yuan et al [21]. This phenomenon is mainly due to the inhibition of soil water evaporation with sand mulching, making the evaporation rate is greatly reduced.…”

Section: Model Validationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Numerical Simulation of Soil Evaporation with Sand Mulching and Inclusion

Zhao

Sheng

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:A model of unsaturated soil-water movement using a prediction model of basic physical soil properties for calculating correlation functions was developed using VADOSE/W. The reliability of the model was assessed by comparing the results with those of a soil-column test. Coefficients of determination, R 2 , between the simulated and the measured daily evaporation for sand-mulch thicknesses of 0 (control, CK), 1.7, 3.6 and 5.7 cm were 0.8270, 0.8214, 0.8589 and 0.9851, respectively. R 2 , between the simulated and measured cumulative evaporation for mulch thicknesses of 0, 1.7, 3.6 and 5.7 cm were 0.9755, 0.9994, 0.9997 and 0.9983, respectively. The fits were, thus, good, verifying the reliability of the model. The program accurately predicted the distribution of cumulative evaporation and volumetric water content during evaporation from a soil column with mulch thicknesses of 1, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 2, 3, 5 cm and depths of sand inclusion thick of 0, 5, 10 and 15 cm for 20 days. Cumulative evaporation of sand inclusion was lower than in CK. Cumulative evaporation was independent of the mulch thickness and depended only on the depth of the inclusion: the deeper the inclusion, the higher the evaporation. The best mulch thickness was 5 cm, and the best inclusion depth was 5 cm. This study offers a new method to study the evaporation process with sand mulching and inclusion, which can provide guidance for improving the utilization efficiency of soil water.

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Section: Model Validationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Numerical Simulation of Soil Evaporation with Sand Mulching and Inclusion

Zhao

Sheng

et al. 2017

Water

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“…sand or gravel layer) at the soil surface can drastically reduce soil evaporation (Willis, 1960;Yuan et al, 2009;Assouline et al, 2014). In order to study mulch effects with this new approach, a 40-cm soil profile of k = 0.8 with a 3-cm coarse layer (k = 1.2) at the surface and a WT at the bottom was considered in Fig.…”

Section: Estimation Of Effective Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Column-scale unsaturated hydraulic conductivity estimates in coarse-textured homogeneous and layered soils derived under steady-state evaporation from a water table

Sadeghi

Tuller

Gohardoust

et al. 2014

Journal of Hydrology

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Effective hydraulic properties s u m m a r y Steady-state evaporation from a water table has been extensively studied for both homogeneous and layered porous media. For layered media it is of interest to find an equivalent homogeneous medium and define ''effective'' hydraulic properties. In this paper a new solution for steady-state evaporation from coarse-textured porous media is presented. Based on this solution, the evaporation rate represents a macroscopic (column-scale) measure of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the pressure head equal to the maximum extent of the hydraulically connected region above the water table. The presented approach offers an alternative method for determination of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of homogeneous coarse-textured soils and a new solution for prediction of the effective unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of layered coarse-textured soils. The solution was evaluated with both experimental data and numerical simulations. Comparison with experimental data and numerical results for hypothetically layered soil profiles demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach for coarse-textured soils.

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“…However, intercropping of crown vetch might compete with apple trees for water (Li et al, 2014). Mulch application could help to conserve soil water and decrease evaporation (Sauer et al, 1996;Burt et al, 2005;Monzon et al, 2006;Yuan et al, 2009;Ward et al, 2009). Thus, intercrop-mulch (IM), a process involving intercrop-3 Improving apple production through intercrop-mulch and different fertilizer treatments to loss of fruit from hailstones in 2012.…”

Section: Apple Orchard Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving yield and water use efficiency of apple trees through intercrop-mulch of crown vetch (Coronilla varia L.) combined with different fertilizer treatments in the Loess Plateau

Zheng

Gong

et al. 2017

Span. j. agric. res.

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Improving water use efficiency (WUE) and soil fertility is relevant for apple production in drylands. The effects of intercropmulch (IM) of crown vetch (Coronilla varia L.) combined with different fertilizer treatments on WUE of apple trees and soil fertility of apple orchards were assessed over three years (2011, 2013 and 2014). A split-plot design was adopted, in which the main treatments were IM and no intercrop-mulch (NIM). Five sub-treatments were established: no fertilization (CK); nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (NP); manure (M); N, P and potassium fertilizer (NPK); and NPK fertilizer combined with manure (NPKM). Due to mowing and mulching each month during July-September, the evapotranspiration for IM was 17.3% lower than that of NIM in the dry year of 2013. Additionally, the soil water storage of NPKM treatment was higher than that of CK during the experimental period. Thus, single fruit weight and fruit number per tree increased with IM and NPKM application. Moreover, applying NPKM with IM resulted in the highest yield (on average of three years), which was 73.25% and 130.51% greater than that of CK in IM and NIM, respectively. The WUE of NPKM combined with IM was also the highest in 2013 and 2014 (47.69 and 56.95% greater than applying IM alone). In addition, due to application of IM combined with NPKM, soil organic matter was increased by 25.8% compared with that of CK (in NIM). Additionally, application of IM combined with NPKM obtained more economic net return, compared to other combinations. Therefore, applying NPKM with IM is recommended for improving apple production in this rain-fed agricultural area.Additional key words: apple orchard; evapotranspiration; soil organic matter; mulching; chemical fertilizer; manure. Abbreviations used: CK (no fertilization); ET (evapotranspiration); ET bm (ET from late March to early July); ET mow (ET from early July to late September); ET tot (total ET); IM (intercrop-mulch); M (manure); NIM (no intercrop-mulch); NP (nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer); NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer); NPKM (NPK fertilizer combined with manure); SOM (soil organic matter); WUE (water use efficiency); WUE mow (WUE after mowing); WUE tot (total WUE).

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Soil surface evaporation processes under mulches of different sized gravel

Cited by 105 publications

References 13 publications

Numerical Simulation of Soil Evaporation with Sand Mulching and Inclusion

Numerical Simulation of Soil Evaporation with Sand Mulching and Inclusion

Column-scale unsaturated hydraulic conductivity estimates in coarse-textured homogeneous and layered soils derived under steady-state evaporation from a water table

Improving yield and water use efficiency of apple trees through intercrop-mulch of crown vetch (Coronilla varia L.) combined with different fertilizer treatments in the Loess Plateau

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