Soil Nitrite as a Source of Atmospheric HONO and OH Radicals

Su, Hang; Cheng, Yafang; Oswald, R.; Behrendt, Thomas; Trebs, Ivonne; Meixner, Franz X.; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Cheng, Peng; Zhang, Yuanhang; Pöschl, Ulrich

doi:10.1126/science.1207687

Cited by 455 publications

(517 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Soil NO x emissions have been well documented and even observed by satellite observations on the regional scale (Bertram et al, 2005). Moreover, Su et al (2011) reported the process of HONO emissions from soil nitrite mitigated by soil bacteria. The comprehensive assessment of soil emission contribution to regional photochemistry will be investigated in future studies at the TRF site.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of biogenic volatile organic compounds on ozone production at the Taehwa Research Forest near Seoul, South Korea

Kim

Jiang

Lee

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

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h i g h l i g h t s< We presented trace gas observation results in the suburban Seoul Metropolitan Area. < We found BVOCs are dominant OH chemical sinks. The importance of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in understanding of air-quality and climate on regional to global scales has been highlighted in a number of modeling and observational studies. At the same time, another important emerging research topic in atmospheric chemistry is the regional and global impacts of fast growing East Asian megacities. These two research topics must be integrated in order to adequately understand and address air quality challenges emerging from Eastern Asian megacities surrounded by planted or natural forest areas. We present initial measurement results for May, June and September 2011 from the Taehwa Research Forest (TRF) which has been developed to serve as a long term observatory for investigating biosphereeatmosphere interactions at the edge of the Seoul Metropolitan Area (population of w23.5 million). The comprehensive measurement datasets of ozone and its precursors such as CO, NO x , SO 2 and VOCs shows that high ozone episodes in the suburban site could not be explained by just anthropogenic pollutants alone. In addition, isoprene (C 5 H 8 ) and monoterpenes (C 10 H 16 ) were observed as two of the most important OH chemical sinks inside of the forest canopy. In order to understand the impacts of these BVOCs on ozone and related photochemistry, we conducted model sensitivity simulations using a coupled meteorology-chemistry model (WRF-Chem) for conditions including with and without BVOC emissions. The modeling results suggest that BVOC emissions could enhance regional daytime ozone production from 5 to 20 ppbv. The observed temporal variations in ozone correspond well with the variations in BVOCs, which likely reflects the influence of BVOCs on ozone formation. These findings strongly suggest that interactions between anthropogenic pollutants and BVOCs must be understood and quantified in order to assess photochemical ozone formation in the regions surrounding East Asian megacities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of biogenic volatile organic compounds on ozone production at the Taehwa Research Forest near Seoul, South Korea

Kim

Jiang

Lee

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

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“…This includes different surfaces (ground and aerosols) such as the photocatalytic conversion of NO 2 on mineral dust (Ndour et al 2008), the dark heterogeneous conversion of NO 2 on suspended soot particles (Ammann et al 1998;Arens et al 2001), the heterogeneous hydrolysis of NO 2 (Finlayson-Pitts et al 2003), the photosensitized reduction of NO 2 on organic surfaces (George et al 2005;Stemmler et al 2006), the photolysis of adsorbed nitric acid (HNO 3 ) (Zhou et al 2003) and nitrate (NO 3 − ) (Zhou et al 2001), the HNO 3 conversion on primary organic aerosols (Ziemba et al 2010) and from soilemitted nitrite (Su et al 2011). Direct emissions from combustion processes (i.e.…”

Section: Responsible Editor: Gerhard Lammelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) in urban area of Shanghai, China

Bernard

Cazaunau

Grosselin

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Nitrous acid (HONO), as a precursor of the hydroxyl radical (OH), plays an important role in the photochemistry of the troposphere, especially in the polluted urban atmosphere. A field campaign was conducted to measure atmospheric HONO concentration and that of other pollutants (such as NO 2 and particle mass concentration) in the autumn of 2009 at Shanghai urban areas. HONO mixing ratios were simultaneously measured by three different techniques: long path absorption photometer (LOPAP), differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) and chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS). The measurements showed that the mixing ratios of HONO were highly variable and depended strongly on meteorological parameters. The HONO levels ranged from 0.5 to 7 ppb with maximum values during early morning and minimum levels during late afternoon. The three instruments reproduced consistent diurnal pattern of HONO concentrations with higher concentration during the night compared to the daylight hours. Comparison of HONO LOPAP /HONO CIMS ratios during daytime and nighttime periods exhibited a non-systematic disagreement of 0.93 and 1.16, respectively. This would indicate different chemical compositions of sampled air for the LOPAP and the CIMS instruments during daytime and nighttime periods, which have possibly affected measurements. Mean HONO concentration reported by LOPAP was 33 % higher than by DOAS on the whole period with no significant difference between daytime and nighttime periods. This revealed a systematic deviation from both instruments. The present data provides complementary information of HONO ambient levels in the atmosphere of Shanghai urban areas.

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“…Sörgel and coworkers showed that known photoenhanced HONO sources, such as NO 2 reduction on aerosols and NO 2 * reaction with water, contribute up to 10% to HONO observed levels, concluding that there must be an additional unidentified diurnal HONO source. Su et al (2011) suggest that this unknown diurnal source can be due an acid-base equilibrium between aqueous phase of soil nitrite, originated from biological nitrification and denitrification processes, and gas-phase nitrous acid, depending on the pH and the nitrite concentration of soil. Further studies of HONO release from soil and related processes of biogeochemical nitrogen cycling are recommended by the authors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of HONO sources on the performance of mesoscale air quality models

Gonçalves

Dabdub

Chang

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Environment

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a b s t r a c tNitrous acid (HONO) photolysis constitutes a primary source of OH in the early morning, which leads to changes in model gas-phase and particulate matter concentrations. However, state-of-the-art models of chemical mechanisms share a common representation of gas-phase chemistry leading to HONO that fails in reproducing the observed profiles. Hence, there is a growing interest in improving the definition of additional HONO sources within air quality models, i.e. direct emissions or heterogeneous reactions. In order to test their feasibility under atmospheric conditions, the WRF-ARW/HERMES/CMAQ modeling system is applied with high horizontal resolution (4 Â 4 km 2 ) to Spain for November 24e27, 2008. HONO modeled sources include: (1) direct emissions from on-road transport; NO 2 hydrolysis on aerosol and ground surfaces, the latter with (2) kinetics depending exclusively on available surfaces for reaction and (3) refined kinetics considering also relative humidity dependence; and (4) photoenhanced NO 2 reduction on ground surfaces. The DOMINO measurement campaign performed in El Arenosillo (Southern Spain) provides valuable HONO observations. Modeled HONO results are consistently below observations, even when the most effective scenario is assessed, corresponding to contributions of direct emissions and NO 2 hydrolysis with the simplest kinetics parameterization. With the additional sources of HONO, PM 2.5 predictions can be up to 14% larger in urban areas. Quantified impacts on secondary pollutants have to be taken as a low threshold, due to the proven underestimation of HONO levels. It is fundamental to improve HONO sources definition within air quality models, both for the scientific community and decision makers.

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Soil Nitrite as a Source of Atmospheric HONO and OH Radicals

Cited by 455 publications

References 26 publications

Impact of biogenic volatile organic compounds on ozone production at the Taehwa Research Forest near Seoul, South Korea

Impact of biogenic volatile organic compounds on ozone production at the Taehwa Research Forest near Seoul, South Korea

Measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) in urban area of Shanghai, China

Impact of HONO sources on the performance of mesoscale air quality models

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