Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and fractions in a long-term integrated crop–livestock system under no-tillage in southern Brazil

Assmann, Joice Mari; Anghinoni, Ibanor; Martins, Amanda Posselt; Costa, Sérgio Ely Valadão Gigante de Andrade; Cecagno, Diego; Carlos, Filipe Selau; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.003

Cited by 111 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…No differences were found among grazing treatments regarding C released from soybean residue (Figures 1 D, E, F), which leads to lower stable organic matter formation, especially under high-intensity grazing systems (G10), as observed after 10 years of trial establishment (Assmann et al, 2014a). Carbon release was greater in soybean leaves, being approximately double the value of stem C release, reaching a total amount of 300 kg ha -1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, dung amounts increased with grazing intensity, but with low magnitude, from 0.46 Mg ha -1 for G40 to 1.22 Mg ha -1 for G10. Soil residue covering (litter and dung) is considered essential for maintaining C and N surpluses (Assmann et al, 2014a). It is important to consider that, for grazed areas, part of the consumed forage nutrients (grazed) returns to the system via dung and urine, being available for subsequent cropping (Haynes & Williams, 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moderate to high grazing intensities increase particulate organic C and N stocks (Assmann et al, 2014a), which are soil components that serve as a vital energy source for soil microorganisms. The hypothesis of the present study is that a moderate grazing management will promote more intense and balanced C and N cycling than heavy grazing or no grazing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon and nitrogen cycling in an integrated soybean-beef cattle production system under different grazing intensities

Assmann

Anghinoni

Martins

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of grazing intensity on the decomposition of cover crop pasture, dung, and soybean residues, as well as the C and N release rates from these residues in a long-term integrated soybean-beef cattle system under no-tillage. The experiment was initiated in 2001, with soybean cultivated in summer and black oat + Italian ryegrass in winter. The treatments consisted of four sward heights (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm), plus an ungrazed area, as the control. In 2009-2011, residues from pasture, dung, and soybean stems and leaves were placed in nylon-mesh litter bags and allowed to decompose for up to 258 days. With increasing grazing intensity, residual dry matter of the pasture decreased and that of dung increased. Pasture and dung lignin concentrations and C release rates were lower with moderate grazing intensity. C and N release rates from soybean residues are not affected by grazing intensity. The moderate grazing intensity produces higher quality residues, both for pasture and dung. Total C and N release is influenced by the greater residual dry matter produced when pastures were either lightly grazed or ungrazed.Index terms: Avena strigosa, Glycine max, Lolium multiflorum, integrated crop-livestock, nutrient cycling, soil organic matter. Ciclagem de carbono e nitrogênio em sistema integrado de produção de soja e bovinos de corte sob diferentes intensidades de pastejoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da intensidade de pastejo na decomposição dos resíduos da pastagem utilizada como cultura de cobertura, do esterco e da soja, bem como a liberação de C e N desses resíduos, em um sistema integrado de produção de soja e bovinos de corte, em plantio direto e em longo-prazo. O experimento foi iniciado em 2001, com soja cultivada no verão e aveia-preta + azevém no inverno. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro alturas de pasto (10, 20, 30 e 40 cm), além de uma área sem pastejo, como controle. Em 2009-2011, resíduos da pastagem, do esterco, e do caule e das folhas de soja foram alocados em sacos de decomposição feitos com malha de nylon e decompostos até 258 dias. Com o aumento da intensidade de pastejo, a matéria seca residual da pastagem diminuiu e a do esterco aumentou. A concentração de lignina e as taxas de liberação de C da pastagem e do esterco foram menores com a intensidade de pastejo moderada. A liberação de C e N do resíduo de soja não é afetada pela intensidade de pastejo. A intensidade moderada de pastejo produz resíduos de maior qualidade, tanto para a pastagem quanto para o esterco. Já a quantidade total de C e N liberada é influenciada pela maior quantidade de matéria seca residual produzida quando a pastagem foi submetida ao pastejo leve ou não foi pastejada.Termos para indexação: Avena strigosa, Glycine max, Lolium multiflorum, integração lavoura-pecuária, ciclagem de nutrientes, matéria orgânica do solo.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon and nitrogen cycling in an integrated soybean-beef cattle production system under different grazing intensities

Assmann

Anghinoni

Martins

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Com o aumento das áreas de ILPF e SAFs, visa-se atingir um potencial de mitigação de 18 a 22 milhões Mg CO 2 -eq (Plano..., 2012). No entanto, o sistema de ILPF é complexo e pode ser usado em diversos tipos de arranjos, planejados de acordo com características intrínsecas de cada local (Assmann et al, 2014). Além disso, é importante ressaltar que o Brasil tem uma grande extensão territorial, o que implica ampla diversidade de ambientes físicos, que podem influenciar significativamente as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, uma vez que elas estão diretamente ligadas às condições edafoclimáticas, à tecnologia de produção agrícola e ao manejo da cultura utilizada.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fluxos de óxido nitroso em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta

Nogueira

Rodrigues

Silva

et al. 2016

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de mitigação de óxido nitroso (N 2 O) em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF), em comparação ao monocultivo, e identificar os principais fatores que regulam as emissões deste gás. O experimento foi realizado em Sinop, MT, entre as safras 2012/2013 e 2013/2014, e avaliou os seguintes tratamentos: floresta, lavoura e pastagem, além do ILPF. Durante a realização do experimento, não houve presença de bovinos nas áreas com pastagem. Amostras de óxido nitroso foram coletadas semanalmente, com uso de câmaras estáticas, modelo topo-base. As concentrações do gás foram determinadas por meio de cromatografia gasosa. A precipitação pluvial e a disponibilidade de N foram os principais fatores reguladores das emissões de N 2 O. O sistema de ILPF apresenta potencial promissor para mitigar as emissões de N 2 O, com emissão acumulada de 0,367 kg ha -1 de N, em comparação a de 1,401 kg ha -1 emitidas pela lavoura; de 0,298 kg ha -1 , pela pastagem; e de 0,165 kg ha -1 , pela floresta.Termos para indexação: gases de efeito estufa, mudança do clima, sistemas integrados de produção. Nitrous oxide fluxes in an integrated crop-livestock-forestry systemAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the mitigation potential of nitrous oxide in an integrated crop-livestock-forestry system (ICLF), compared with monocultures, and to identify the main factors that regulate the emissions of this gas. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Sinop, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, between the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop seasons, with the evaluation of the following treatments: forest, crop and pasture, besides ICLF. During the experiment, no cattle were present in the pasture areas. Nitrous oxide samples were collected weekly using top-down static chambers. Gas concentrations were determined with gas chromatography. Rainfall and N availability were main factors regulating N 2 O emissions. The ICLF system has promising potential to mitigate N 2 O emissions, with 0.367 kg ha -1 N accumulated emission, compared with 1.401 kg ha -1 from cropland, 0.298 kg ha -1 from pasture, and 0.165 kg ha -1 from forest.

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“…This higher carbon concentration was due to plant residue accumulation during crop growth (Freixo et al, 2002;Lovato et al, 2004;Sisti et al, 2004;Hickmann and Costa, 2012;Asmann et al, 2014). Furthermore, it could be due to a decrease in mineralization rate (DICK, 1983).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

No-tillage effect on carbon and microbiological attributes in corn grown in Manaus-AM, Brazil

Muniz¹,

Nunes²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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The soil is the most important carbon reservoir, but agricultural practices involved in tillage systems decrease the soil carbon stock. This study aims to evaluate the effect of no-tillage (NT) on carbon and microbiological attributes of the soil in corn plantations in Manaus-AM, Brazil. Soil was sampled in a secondary forest (SF) and in corn grown under different tillage systems, including conventional tillage (CT), which makes use of plowing and harrowing operations, and no-tillage (NT). Soil variables studied included, carbon content, soil microbial carbon and basal respiration, metabolic and microbial quotients. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey's test. The results demonstrated that NT resulted higher carbon, lower basal respiration, and lower metabolic quotient than CT and SF. However, soil microbial carbon was similar in all tillage systems studied. We conclude that NT corn cropping increased soil carbon content more than CT, while it decreased basal respiration and metabolic quotient when compared to NT and SF. Moreover, soil microbial biomass in corn was similar in all tillage systems studied. This research demonstrated the importance of NT to soil carbon conservation and soil management in corn cropping.

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Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and fractions in a long-term integrated crop–livestock system under no-tillage in southern Brazil

Cited by 111 publications

References 40 publications

Carbon and nitrogen cycling in an integrated soybean-beef cattle production system under different grazing intensities

Carbon and nitrogen cycling in an integrated soybean-beef cattle production system under different grazing intensities

Fluxos de óxido nitroso em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta

No-tillage effect on carbon and microbiological attributes in corn grown in Manaus-AM, Brazil

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