Sodium chloride salinity in fruit vegetable crops in soilless culture.

Sonneveld, C.; Burg, Avihu

doi:10.18174/njas.v39i2.16546

Cited by 64 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It contained sufficient K, but was defi cient in P and lacking substantially in NO 3 -N (18 at 1.75 dS·m -1 ). As commonly reported in recirculating systems (Böhme, 1995;Sonneveld and Vanderburg, 1991;Zekki et al, 1996), Na, Cl and SO 4 accumulated most in the unamended MSW solution and its amended counterpart. Concentrations of Na and Cl in the MSW leachates were notable up to 3.2 times those in the TLC leachate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Response of Container-grown Ninebark to Crude and Nutrient-enriched Recirculating Compost Leachates

Gils¹,

Chong²,

Lumis³

2005

HortSci

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Ninebark [Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim] was grown on troughs under greenhouse conditions in 2.5-L containers filled with 100% composted pine bark and fertigated with drip irrigation using the following nutrient solutions: 1) a complete (control) solution, electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.75 dS·m–1, nonrecirculated; 2) solution as in treatment 1 but recirculated; 3) unamended municipal solid waste compost (MSW) leachate, EC 1.75 dS·m–1, recirculated; 4) solution as in treatment 3 amended in order of priority with NO3-N, NH4-N, P, K, Ca and/or Mg, to match the concentrations in the complete solution, EC 2.60 dS·m–1, recirculated; 5) unamended turkey litter compost (TLC) leachate, EC 1.75 dS·m–1, recirculated; and 6) solution as in treatment 5 amended as in treatment 4, EC 2.40 dS·m–1, recirculated. Among the four recirculated compost leachate treatments, shoot (stems and leaves) dry weight of ninebark was least with the unamended MSW, intermediate with amended MSW, and greatest but similar with both unamended and amended TLC. The most growth occurred with the recirculated control solution. Among the four leachate treatments, ninebark grew acceptably well only with recirculated unamended TLC, and was similar to that with the nonrecirculated control solution. Three treatments (nonrecirculated control, recirculated control and unamended TLC) showed no nutrient toxicity or deficiency symptoms. Poorer growth responses in the other treatments (amended TLC, amended MSW and unamended MSW) were related primarily to excess salts and/or nutritional disorders due to imbalance(s) in one or more nutrients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Response of Container-grown Ninebark to Crude and Nutrient-enriched Recirculating Compost Leachates

Gils¹,

Chong²,

Lumis³

2005

HortSci

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“…However, fewer studies have been conducted using nutrient solutions of moderately high EC with the addition of nutrients. The maximum yields for substrate-grown tomato crops are obtained using EC from 2.5 to 2.9 dS · m -1 (Sonneveld and Van der Burg, 1991). To improve the produce quality, nutrient concentrations are sometimes higher than necessary for optimum plant growth and yield, and there is limited information about the effects of increased EC nutrient solution management in soilless culture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Electrical Conductivity in Nutrient Solution Management Enhances Dietary and Organoleptic Qualities in Soilless Culture Tomato

Moya¹,

Oyanedel²,

Verdugo³

et al. 2017

horts

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Greenhouse tomato production is shifting to meet emerging consumer needs. Increasing environmental concerns have pressured growers to supply high-quality vegetables using sustainable production methods. The utilization of adapting fertigation to production conditions and/or nutrient solutions of moderately high conductivity seems promising in providing high yields of superior quality while limiting the emission of nutrients to the environment in greenhouse tomato crops. A tomato crop was grown in soilless culture with various levels of electrical conductivity (EC), 2.2, 3.5, and 4.5 dS·m−1, adjusting the final nutrient concentration and maintaining nutritional balance. The effect of nutrient solutions with moderately high EC on fertigation parameters and the emission of nutrients to the environment, total crop productivity, distribution of fruit sizes, and dietary and organoleptic qualities were measured. Nutrient solutions of moderately high EC decreased total and commercial yield, with an average reduction from 5% to 19% and 3% to 22%, respectively. A considerable decrease in extra large and large fruits, with an average reduction from 69% to 42%, was also observed. Nonetheless, dietary-related metabolites were significantly increased at the highest EC values: lycopene (6.3%), ascorbic acid (8.8%), total phenolics content (8.3%), and total antioxidant activity (11.1%). EC values of 3.5 and 4.5 dS·m−1 are not widely used in commercial production but are frequently measured in drainage solutions in open hydroponic systems and discarded solutions in closed systems, mainly because of the use of poor-quality water and the accumulation of excess nutrients.

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“…The insignificant incidence of blossom end rot with the use of K 2 SO 4 in 1996 suggests that the greenhouse environment was more conducive to blossom end rot development in 1995. Unlike K + , high concentrations of Na + and Clin the root zone can affect crop production adversely (Sonneveld and van der Burg, 1991). Although it would have been of interest to measure added Na and Cl concentrations in the root zone and their uptake by the crop, comparable crop growth and fruit yield between NaCl and control treatments suggest Na + and Clin the recirculating solutions did not exceed concentrations that may be considered adverse to crop performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In closed hydroponic systems such as NFT, the efficient exclusion of Na + by horticultural crops (Baas et al, 1995;Sonneveld and van der Burg, 1991) may cause an accumulation of Na + in the root environment. Salinity can inhibit plant growth by a) lowering external osmotic potential and thus inducing water stress b) ion toxicity, or c) ion imbalance (Greenway and Munns, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing the NaCl concentration in the circulating solution of an NFT system for tomato from 0 to 200 mg·L -1 (0 to 200 ppm) resulted in small fruit, the greatest effect corresponding to the highest conductivity of the circulating solution (Attenburrow and Waller, 1980). Sonneveld and van der Burg (1991) suggested that the favorable effect of Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, Canada N0R 1G0.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fertilizer Substitutions in Hydroponically Grown Greenhouse Tomatoes

Papadopoulos¹,

Pararajasingham²,

Xia³

1999

horttech

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Experiments were carried out to evaluate two salts, K2SO4 and NaCl, as materials to supplement the electrical conductivity (EC) of the basic nutrient solution in nutrient film technique (NFT). The effects of these materials on the growth, yield and fruit quality of greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown by NFT were quantified. These effects were tested by increasing the recirculating solution EC from a base value of 1500 μS·cm-1 to that suitable for the crop growth stage with normal feed (macronutrients), 0.38 m (0.53 lb/gal) K2SO4 or 1.14 m (0.55 lb/gal) NaCl, at a common pH of 6.2. In 1995 and 1996, there were no significant effects of the treatments on crop growth. In 1995, the early marketable yield was significantly lower when K2SO4 was used but the yield at the end of the season did not differ among the treatments. Furthermore, with K2SO4, the proportion of grade #1 fruit in early total yield was lower than in the control, while, fruit biomass content was higher than in the NaCl treatment. In 1996, the cumulative marketable fruit weight was unaffected by the treatments. A trend toward high number of large grade fruit occurred with the NaCl treatment. The pH and EC of the fruit homogenate were favorably affected by the NaCl treatment. Adding K2SO4 or NaCl in partial substitution of macronutrients in the recirculating solution may have a role in NFT systems in not only reducing environmental pollution (from nitrates and phosphates) and fertilizer costs, but also in improving fruit quality and, therefore, profit margins.

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Sodium chloride salinity in fruit vegetable crops in soilless culture.

Cited by 64 publications

References 7 publications

Response of Container-grown Ninebark to Crude and Nutrient-enriched Recirculating Compost Leachates

Response of Container-grown Ninebark to Crude and Nutrient-enriched Recirculating Compost Leachates

Increased Electrical Conductivity in Nutrient Solution Management Enhances Dietary and Organoleptic Qualities in Soilless Culture Tomato

Fertilizer Substitutions in Hydroponically Grown Greenhouse Tomatoes

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