Socioeconomic position and clinical outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A population‐based cohort study

Abstract

Low socioeconomic position (SEP) may be associated with adverse outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) inherent to for example, delayed diagnosis or reduced treatment intensity, but firm evidence is limited. In this study, we examined the association between SEP and clinical outcomes. We conducted a population-based cohort study (2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018) of 2233 Danish patients with MDS.SEP measures included individual-level information on education, cohabitation status and income retrieved from Statistics Denmark. Associations between SEP measures and disease severity at diagnosis were examined using binomial regression analysis. Using time-to-event analysis, we examined the association between SEP measures and treatment with allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and death. Estimates were adjusted for covariates selected based on direct acyclic graphs and reported with 95% confidence intervals. Patients with a short education were more likely to be transfusion-dependent at diagnosis (RR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04-1.45) and more likely to be diagnosed with higher risk MDS according to the International Prognostic Scoring System (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.62), than patients with a long education.We found no clear association between SEP and risk of progression to AML. In adjusted models, the 1-year risk of dying was higher in patients with short versus long education (RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65), in patients with low versus high income (RR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.14-1.77), and among patients who lived alone compared to those who lived with a partner (RR = 1.15, 0.98-1.35). These associations persisted after 3 years and 5 years of follow-up. Notably, patients with a short education had a markedly lower rate of undergoing treatment with allo-HSCT compared to patients with a long education (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.84). In conclusion, low SEP and especially short education, were poor prognostic factors for adverse clinical outcomes among patients with MDS.

Survivorship among patients with haematological cancer: Work disability, dementia, and neuropathy

“…Among haematological cancers, the overall incidence of HL, NHL, MM, and leukaemia is not associated with educational level (45)(46)(47), except for a lower incidence of MM and leukaemia among women with higher educational level in one study (45). Patients living alone or having a lower educational level are more likely to be diagnosed with more advanced stages of NHL and myelodysplastic syndrome (48,49). A tendency towards an association between SEP and cancer treatment and mortality is also described in the literature.…”

“…A tendency towards an association between SEP and cancer treatment and mortality is also described in the literature. Some studies find that treatment modality is affected by cohabitation status and educational level (50-52) and that mortality is higher in patients with lower SEP (47,49,50,(52)(53)(54). However, a Dutch study finds no difference in treatment or mortality among patients with different SEP, and a Danish study finds a tendency towards decreasing influence of educational level on survival in NHL over decades (55,56).…”