Sociodemographic differences in dietary habits described by food frequency questions — results from Denmark

Dynesen, Anja Weirsøe; Haraldsdóttir, Jóhanna; Holm, Lotte; Astrup, Arne

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601728

Cited by 83 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The positive association between socioeconomic position and dietary pattern has been confirmed by research carried out on different populations, using different indexes or statistical techniques to determine dietary patterns. As reviewed by Darmon et al (2008), higher values of Healthy Eating Index (Loughley et al, 2004;Angelopoulos et al, 2009;Manios et al, 2009), Diet Quality Index (Patterson et al, 1994;Lallukka et al, 2006), dietary diversity scores (Kant and Graubard, 2007), and other diet-quality measures (Groth et al, 2001;Dynesen et al, 2003;Robinson et al, 2004) have all been associated with a higher socioeconomic position, usually estimated by education level. Using principal components analysis to determine dietary patterns, Robinson et al (2004) found that educational attainment was the most important determinant of a healthy eating pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary patterns and socioeconomic position

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: To test a socioeconomic hypothesis on three dietary patterns and to describe the relation between three commonly used methods to determine dietary patterns, namely Healthy Eating Index, Mediterranean Diet Score and principal component analysis. Subjects/Methods: Cross-sectional design in 1852 military men. Using mailed questionnaires, the food consumption frequency was recorded. Results: The correlation coefficients between the three dietary patterns varied between 0.43 and 0.62. The highest correlation was found between Healthy Eating Index and Healthy Dietary Pattern (principal components analysis). Cohen's kappa coefficient of agreement varied between 0.10 and 0.20. After age-adjustment, education and income remained associated with the most healthy dietary pattern. Even when both socioeconomic indicators were used together in one model, higher income and education were associated with higher scores for Healthy Eating Index, Mediterranean Diet Score and Healthy Dietary Pattern. The least healthy quintiles of dietary pattern as measured by the three methods were associated with a clustering of unhealthy behaviors, that is, smoking, low physical activity, highest intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids, and low intakes of fruits and vegetables. Conclusions: The three dietary patterns used indicated that the most healthy patterns were associated with a higher socioeconomic position, while lower patterns were associated with several unhealthy behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A healthy dietary pattern has been consistently associated with a higher socioeconomic position (Dynesen et al, 2003;Huot et al, 2004;Robinson et al, 2004;Park et al, 2005;Kant and Graubard, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary patterns and socioeconomic position

et al. 2010

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“…Previous studies on socioeconomic differences in vegetable consumption have used different dietary assessment methods, such as food records (Roos et al, 1996;Lynch et al, 1997;Groth et al, 2001;Hulshof et al, 2003), 24 h recalls (Popkin et al, 1996;Lallukka et al, 2001;Giskes et al, 2002;Agudo et al, 2002a) and food frequency questionnaires including varying number of items (Prattala et al, 1992;Smith and Baghurst, 1992;Osler, 1993;Shimakawa et al, 1994;Hjartaker and Lund, 1998;Fraser et al, 2000;Mishra et al, 2002;Perrin et al, 2002;Dynesen et al, 2003). Our data included answers to one frequency question on consumption of fresh vegetables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of socioeconomic differences in daily vegetable consumption, 1979–2002

Roos

Talala²,

Laaksonen

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background: Studies from different time periods have shown that consumption of vegetables is more common in higher socioeconomic groups and among women. However, there are only few studies of changes of socioeconomic differences in vegetable consumption over time. Our aim was to determine whether socioeconomic differences, measured by educational level and household income, in daily vegetable consumption have increased, decreased or been stable over the last two decades among Finnish men and women. Methods: Data on daily consumption of fresh vegetables were derived from repeated annual cross-sectional surveys performed among representative samples of Finnish working aged (15-64 years) population. Data from the years 1979-2002 were linked with data on education and household income from Statistics Finland. Those under 25 years and all students were excluded, giving a total of 69 383 respondents. The main analyses were conducted with logistic regression. Results: Daily consumption of fresh vegetables became overall more prevalent during the study period. Daily consumption of fresh vegetables was more common among those with higher education and higher income during the whole study period. Both educational level and household income differences in daily vegetable consumption slightly narrowed since 1979 among men and women. Conclusions: Women with high socioeconomic position have been initial trend setters, but the prevalence of daily consumers of vegetables in these groups has not increased since the early 1990s. The prevalence of daily consumption of fresh vegetables has increased more in lower educational and income groups during the 1980s and 1990s along with narrowing socioeconomic differences.

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“…The Food Pyramid Index (Massari et al, 2004) and the Global Dietary Index of Food Quality (Huot et al, 2004a, b) focused on food items rich in fat, whereas the Healthy Food Index (HFI) included questions on butter/margarine, vegetables, fruit and coarse bread (Osler et al, 2001), and the Healthy Diet Index (HDI) included questions on vegetables, fruits, meat and fish (Dynesen et al, 2003). The Food Pyramid Index (FPI), HFI and HDI were found to be associated with risk factors, mortality and sociodemographic factors, respectively, but none of the scores has, to our knowledge, been validated against other dietary measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dietary Quality Score: validation and association with cardiovascular risk factors: the Inter99 study

et al. 2006

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Objective: To develop and assess the validity of the Dietary Quality Score (DQS) and investigate the association with cardiovascular risk factors. Design: Cross-sectional population-based study. Setting: Copenhagen County, Glostrup, Denmark. Subjects: A random sample of 12 934 men and women aged 30-60 years were invited to a health examination. A total of 6542 participants were included in the statistical analysis. Methods: The DQS was developed using eight questions from a 48-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and validated using a 198-item FFQ. Associations between the DQS and fasting serum lipids, homocysteine, blood pressure and the absolute risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were explored. Results: A higher DQS was shown to be associated with higher dietary quality in general, including a low intake of fat, especially saturated fat; a high intake of fibre; various vitamins and minerals; and fruit, fish, vegetables and whole-grain products. A higher score according to the DQS was significantly negatively associated with total cholesterol (P ¼ 0.0031), triglyceride (P ¼ 0.0406), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P ¼ 0.0071), homocysteine (Po0.0001) and the absolute risk of IHD (Po0.0001), adjusted for sex, age, smoking habits and physical activity level. Conclusions: The DQS is a simple, valid and quick tool to make a rough classification of individuals into groups with high, average and low dietary quality. The DQS is negatively associated with serum lipids, homocysteine and the absolute risk of IHD.

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Sociodemographic differences in dietary habits described by food frequency questions — results from Denmark

Cited by 83 publications

References 15 publications

Dietary patterns and socioeconomic position

Dietary patterns and socioeconomic position

Trends of socioeconomic differences in daily vegetable consumption, 1979–2002

The Dietary Quality Score: validation and association with cardiovascular risk factors: the Inter99 study

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