Social mindfulness: Skill and will to navigate the social world

Doesum, Niels J. Van; Lange, Paul A. M. Van

doi:10.1037/e514472015-819

Cited by 40 publications

(103 citation statements)

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“…Contrary to more traditional perspective-taking measures which usually are based on self report (e.g., Davis, 1983), the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test is an indicator of people's actual ability to take the perspective of another person, and is relatively insensitive to socially desirable response patterns (for details, see Baron-Cohen et al, 2001). Recent empirical studies hence included the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test as indicator of perspective taking (Van Doesum, Van Lange, & Van Lange, 2013;Van Honk et al, 2012).…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 96%

When consequence size predicts belief in conspiracy theories: The moderating role of perspective taking

Prooijen

Dijk

2014

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 96%

When consequence size predicts belief in conspiracy theories: The moderating role of perspective taking

Prooijen

Dijk

2014

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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“…Abilities to be sensitive to the needs of others vary enormously from person to person and are linked to both genetic variation and such cognitive competencies as mentalizing, empathic processes, 'social mindfulness', and personality dimensions such as agreeableness (Van Doesum, Van Lange, & Van Lange, 2013) and caring verses and social dominance and machiavellian motives (Niemi & Young, 2013). People with Asperger spectrum difficulties can struggle with processing these types of social signals (Baron-Cohen, 2012).…”

Section: Motivational Systems For Interpersonal Relatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compassion is linked to motives, emotions, and abilities/competencies to be supportive, understanding, kind, and helpful to others (Davidson & Harrington, 2002;Weng et al, 2013;www.compassion-training.org), and to be socially mindful (which is different from general mindfulness; Van Doesum et al, 2013). With roots in the evolution of caring and altruism, compassion has been given various definitions.…”

Section: Compassion: the Caring Helping And Sharing Social Mentalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy

Gilbert

2014

British J Clinic Psychol

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1,158

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Compassion focused therapy (CFT) is rooted in an evolutionary, functional analysis of basic social motivational systems (e.g., to live in groups, form hierarchies and ranks, seek out sexual, partners help and share with alliances, and care for kin) and different functional emotional systems (e.g., to respond to threats, seek out resources, and for states of contentment/safeness). In addition, about 2 million years ago, (pre-)humans began to evolve a range of cognitive competencies for reasoning, reflection, anticipating, imagining, mentalizing, and creating a socially contextualized sense of self. These new competencies can cause major difficulties in the organization of (older) motivation and emotional systems. CFT suggests that our evolved brain is therefore potentially problematic because of its basic 'design,' being easily triggered into destructive behaviours and mental health problems (called 'tricky brain'). However, mammals and especially humans have also evolved motives and emotions for affiliative, caring and altruistic behaviour that can organize our brain in such a way as to significantly offset our destructive potentials. CFT therefore highlights the importance of developing people's capacity to (mindfully) access, tolerate, and direct affiliative motives and emotions, for themselves and others, and cultivate inner compassion as a way for organizing our human 'tricky brain' in prosocial and mentally healthy ways.

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“…Accordingly, everyday helping is not primarily motivated by avoiding social punishments or public shaming when the norm of providing help is not followed (Fehr & Gächter, 2002;Goette, Huffman & Meier, 2006;Rost, Stahel & Frey, 2016;Schwartz & Howard, 1984). It rather conveys the soft message of interpersonal liking and respect (Van Doesum et al, 2013;Van Lange & Van Doesum, 2015).…”

Section: Contagion Of Prosocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that the more prosocially oriented people are, the more time they spend on others' requests (McClintock & Allison, 1989), the more they donate money for charity (Van Lange et al, 2007), the more socially mindful they select preferable objects (Van Doesum, Van Lange, & Van Lange, 2013), the more often they interpret situations as a cooperative endeavor (Yamagishi et al, 2013), and the more they value moral behavior, including fairness, honesty and equality (Liebrand, Jansen, Rijken, & Suhre, 1986;Sattler & Kerr, 1991;Joireman et al, 2003). Prosocials and proselfs differ in their world views resulting in different expectations of others' behavior (see also generalized expectations in Pletzer et al, 2018;Bogaert, Boone & Declerck, 2008;Van Lange, 1992;Kelley & Stahelsky, 1970): Proselfs think that others would act in a selfish way when given the option to cooperate, whereas prosocials have a stronger initial expectation that others will cooperate in such situations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PREPRINT Inspired to lend a hand? Attempts to elicit prosocial behavior through goal contagion

Brohmer¹,

Corcoran²,

Kedia³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Helping often occurs in a broader social context. Every day, people observe others who require help, but also others who provide help. Research on goal contagion (Aarts, Gollwitzer & Hassin, 2004) suggests that observing other people's goal-directed behavior (like helping) activates the same goal in the observer. Thus, merely observing a prosocial act could inspire people to act on the same goal. This effect should be even stronger, the more the observer's disposition makes him or her value the goal. In the case of prosocial goals, we looked at the observer's Social Value Orientation (SVO; van Lange et al., 1999) as a moderator of the process. In three studies (N = 126, N = 162 and N = 371), we tested the hypothesis that prosocial observations (vs. control) will trigger more subsequent prosocial behavior the more the observer is prosocially oriented. In line with the original research, we used texts as stimulus material in Study 1 and short video clips in Study 2 and 3. In Study 1 and 2, SVO was measured directly before the manipulation was induced and in Study 3 even a week prior to the actual experiment. Additionally, we included a second control condition video clip in Study 3, which did not depict human beings. Despite thoroughly developed stimulus material and methods, we found no support for an effect of the interaction, nor of the prosocial observation, but some support of SVO in Study 1 and 2. A mini meta-analysis revealed an effect equivalent to zero for goal contagion and a small, but robust SVO effect across studies.One implication for the theory of goal contagion is that prosocial goals might not be as contagious as other goals addressed in the literature. However, because SVO might not have been an optimal trait, other moderators for prosocial dispositions should be tested.

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Social mindfulness: Skill and will to navigate the social world

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

When consequence size predicts belief in conspiracy theories: The moderating role of perspective taking

When consequence size predicts belief in conspiracy theories: The moderating role of perspective taking

The origins and nature of compassion focused therapy

PREPRINT Inspired to lend a hand? Attempts to elicit prosocial behavior through goal contagion

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