Social Capital of Community Forest Management in Batutegi Forest Management Unit

Abstract

ABSTRAKModal sosial memiliki peran dalam pengelolaan Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) sebagai sumber daya yang dapat mendorong individu atau kelompok untuk bekerja sama dalam mencapai tujuan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui modal sosial masyarakat pengelola HKm di wilayah Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Batutegi, Kabupaten Tanggamus yang tergabung dalam Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Sinar Harapan dan Gapoktan Mahardika. Pengumpulan data di kedua gapoktan dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur, wawancara tidak terstruktur, observasi, dan studi literatur. Modal sosial secara kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan unsur kepercayaan, jaringan, dan norma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial berperan positif terhadap pengelolaan HKm, sehingga masyarakat tetap menjaga kelestarian hutan. Kepercayaan dalam suatu kelompok menciptakan jaringan sosial. Gapoktan Sinar Harapan sudah menerapkan unsur modal sosial berupa kepercayaan, jaringan sosial, dan norma sosial dalam pengelolaannya, sedangkan Gapoktan Mahardika baru menerapkan unsur kepercayaan dan norma sosial saja. Hal ini karena sebagian anggota Gapoktan Mahardika bukan dari penduduk setempat, melainkan dari luar wilayah. Penerapan unsur jaringan sosial perlu ditingkatkan dalam pengelolaan HKm di Gapoktan Mahardika agar pengelolaannya dapat berkelanjutan.Kata kunci: modal sosial, hutan kemasyarakatan, jaringan sosial, kepercayaan, norma sosial ABSTRACT Social capital has a role in the management of Community Forests (HKm) as a resource that could encourage individuals or groups to work together in achieving mutual goals. The objective of this study was to determine the social capital of the HKm management in the area of Batutegi Forest Management Unit, Tanggamus Regency, by farmers groups as Gapoktan Sinar Harapan and Gapoktan Mahardika. Data were collected in both farmers groups through structured interviews, unstructured interviews, observations, and literature review. The social capital of the community was analyzed qualitatively using social capital elements, such as trust, social networks, and social norms. The results showed that social capital has a positive role in managing HKm to encourage the community to manage the forest in sustainable manners. The results also showed that trust in a group creates social networks. Gapoktan Sinar Harapan implemented the three elements of social capital, such as trust, social networks, and social norms in their management. Gapoktan Mahardika only implemented trust and social norms, Jurnal Sylva Lestari

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