SNP discovery and molecular evolution in Anopheles gambiae, with special emphasis on innate immune system

Cohuet, Anna; Krishnakumar, Sujatha; Simard, Frédéric; Morlais, Isabelle; Koutsos, Anastasios C.; Fontenille, Didier; Mindrinos, Michael; Kafatos, Fotis C.

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-9-227

Cited by 45 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Whereas nucleotide diversity in TEP1s matches the genomewide average (π ≈ 1%; ref 26), it is sharply lower for both TEP1r subclasses (TEP1r A , π ≈ 0.068%; TEP1r B , π ≈ 0.095%) (Fig. S2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corresponding TEP1 alleles (TEP1r and TEP1s) also segregate in natural populations of An. gambiae and its sibling species Anopheles arabiensis (26,27). The majority of substitutions between these highly divergent alleles are found in the thioester binding domain (TED) where our TEP1 sequence survey was focused.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of substitutions between these highly divergent alleles are found in the thioester binding domain (TED) where our TEP1 sequence survey was focused. To compare the M-and S-form TEP1 sequences obtained in this study with previously reported TEP1r and TEP1s alleles from natural populations and laboratory colonies (22,26,27), we performed a multiple sequence alignment on the basis of amino acid sequences deduced from the TED region (abridged in Fig. 3, for clarity).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium

White

Lawniczak

Cheng

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

128

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The African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae is diversifying into ecotypes known as M and S forms. This process is thought to be promoted by adaptation to different larval habitats, but its genetic underpinnings remain elusive. To identify candidate targets of divergent natural selection in M and S, we performed genomewide scanning in paired population samples from Mali, followed by resequencing and genotyping from five locations in West, Central, and East Africa. Genome scans revealed a significant peak of M-S divergence on chromosome 3L, overlapping five known or suspected immune response genes. Resequencing implicated a selective target at or near the TEP1 gene, whose complement C3-like product has antiparasitic and antibacterial activity. Sequencing and allele-specific genotyping showed that an allelic variant of TEP1 has been swept to fixation in M samples from Mali and Burkina Faso and is spreading into neighboring Ghana, but is absent from M sampled in Cameroon, and from all sampled S populations. Sequence comparison demonstrates that this allele is related to, but distinct from, TEP1 alleles of known resistance phenotype. Experimental parasite infections of advanced mosquito intercrosses demonstrated a strong association between this TEP1 variant and resistance to both rodent malaria and the native human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Although malaria parasites may not be direct agents of pathogen-mediated selection at TEP1 in nature-where larvae may be the more vulnerable life stage-the process of adaptive divergence between M and S has potential consequences for malaria transmission.ecological speciation | malaria vector | population genomics | thioester immune gene

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium

White

Lawniczak

Cheng

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Genes involved in the mosquito immune system have been intensively studied in efforts to understand interactions between the malaria parasite and mosquito vector and to manipulate vectors to reduce malaria transmission (Morlais et al 2004; Lim et al 2005; Riehle et al 2006; Obbard et al 2007; Cohuet et al 2008; Parmakelis et al 2008, 2010; Zou et al 2008; Cirimotich et al 2010; Horton et al 2010). Genetic markers such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in or near immune genes can facilitate the identification of genes associated with resistance or refractoriness to Plasmodium infection and contribute to assessing the relative importance of ecological and genetic determinants of this phenotype.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms for High-Throughput Genotyping of Anopheles arabiensis in East and Southern Africa

Seifert

Fornadel

et al. 2012

jnl. med. entom.

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Anopheles arabiensis Patton is one of the principal vectors of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, occupying a wide variety of ecological zones. This species is increasingly responsible for malaria transmission in Africa and is becoming the dominant vector species in some localities. Despite its growing importance, little is known about genetic polymorphisms in this species. Multiple sequences of various gene fragments from An. arabiensis isolates from Cameroon were obtained from GenBank. In total, 20 gene fragments containing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at moderate density were selected for direct sequencing from field collected specimens from Tanzania and Zambia. We obtained 301 SNPs in total from the 20 gene fragments, 60 of which were suitable for Illumina GoldenGate SNP genotyping. A greater number of SNPs (n = 185) was suitable for analysis using Sequenom iPLEX, an alternative high-throughput genotyping technology using mass spectrometry. An SNP was present every 59 (±44.5) bases on average. Overall, An. arabiensis from Tanzania and Zambia are genetically closer (mean FST = 0.075) than either is to populations in Cameroon (FST, TZ-CM = 0.250, FST, ZA-CM = 0.372). A fixed polymorphism between East/southern and Central Africa was identiidentified on AGAP000574, a gene on the X chromosome. We have identiidentified SNPs in natural populations of An. arabiensis. SNP densities in An. arabiensis were higher than Anopheles gambiae s.s., suggesting a greater challenge in the development of high-throughput SNP analysis for this species. The SNP markers provided in this study are suitable for a high-throughput genotyping analysis and can be used for population genetic studies and association mapping efforts.

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“…Linking these resistance genes to SNP markers means that they can then be tracked using simple PCR reactions in the field. SNP markers for infection status, species identification and most of the pyrethroid resistance genes are now available for the major African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae [2][3][4] , and a programme to develop similar markers is underway for An. funestus [5][6][7] .…”

Section: Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Biology Diagnostics and Public Health Pesticide Development through the Product Development Partnership Route.

Hemingway

2009

ACS Symposium Series

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SNP discovery and molecular evolution in Anopheles gambiae, with special emphasis on innate immune system

Cited by 45 publications

References 90 publications

Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium

Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms for High-Throughput Genotyping of Anopheles arabiensis in East and Southern Africa

Vector Biology Diagnostics and Public Health Pesticide Development through the Product Development Partnership Route.

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