Snapping biceps femoris tendon: A dynamic real‐time sonographic evaluation

Abstract

Snapping of the distal arms of the biceps femoris tendon may explain pain and discomfort at the lateral aspect of the knee. We report two cases in which dynamic sonography was able to confirm the diagnosis and document which of the main arms was involved in the process.

Surgical Repair of Dynamic Snapping Biceps Femoris Tendon

“…This makes it a challenging condition to address, with several reported techniques including anatomic repair and reconstruction, with sometimes unpredictable results. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 …”

Snapping Biceps Femoris: clinical demonstration and operative technique

“…12 While snapping biceps femoris syndrome is a recognised entity in the literature, it remains an uncommon cause of lateral knee pain with only few case reports and small series published, leaving treating clinicians with little evidence to guide their management. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][13][14][15][16][17] Most, however, agree on the need for surgical intervention once all non-operative measures have failed to relieve the painful symptomatic snapping. Plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging and diagnostic arthroscopy have all been used to guide management and eliminate other pathologies.…”

Optimal Elbow Angle for Sonographic Visualization of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament

“…We are unaware of previously published studies specifically examining joint position relative to the sonographic appearance of tendon or ligament, with the exception of the commonly discussed themes of joint positioning to reduce anisotropy and imparting dynamic stress to a joint to assess ligaments [12,31‐36]. In evaluating the elbow UCL, nearly all previous publications have recommended positioning the elbow at 30° of flexion, with few exceptions [15,16,20].…”