Snakes in The Greenhouse: Does increased natural gas use reduce carbon dioxide emissions from coal consumption?

Greiner, Patrick Trent; York, Richard; McGee, Julius Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.02.001

Cited by 46 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…While the analysis in our study focuses on homicide rates, we reiterate that quantitative sociologists in other areas use the same cross-national data sets in their analyses [3]. On that note, given the growing interest in the link between crime and sustainable development [4,8], we emphasize the relevance of our study for cross-national sustainability scholarship [3,[30][31][32][33]. Like cross-national homicide studies, much of the quantitative environmental scholarship, with few exceptions [34,35], also handles missing values by way of listwise deletion, which we discuss in greater detail below.…”

Section: Summary and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 83%

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Homicide Rates and the Multiple Dimensions of Urbanization: A Longitudinal, Cross-National Analysis

2019

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Sustainability scholars frame urbanization as a multidimensional concept with divergent environmental impacts. Through synthesizing recent quantitative studies of urbanization in criminology, we evaluated this multidimensional framework in a longitudinal, cross-national analysis of homicide rates for 217 countries between 2000 and 2015. For the analysis, we also highlighted the issue of missing data, a common concern for cross-national scholars in a variety of disciplines. While controlling for other relevant factors, we compared results from panel models that use the common technique of listwise deletion (n = 113) and from structural equation models (SEM) that handle missing values with full information maximum likelihood (n = 216). While the estimates for the control variables are non-significant in the SEM approach, the findings for the urbanization variables were robust and multidimensional. In particular, while the proportion of the population that is urban is positively related to homicide, the proportion of the population living in large cities of at least one million inhabitants is significantly and negatively related to homicide in all models. Given our focus on urbanization, we outline our contribution not only in the context of criminology but also the cross-national sustainability literature, which often uses similar variables with missing values.

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Section: Summary and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The World Development Indicators are regularly used by quantitative scholars studying the many dimensions of development [3,11,20,[30][31][32][33]38,39]. Nevertheless, in the World Bank data, there are many countries that do not have complete longitudinal coverage for the variables being incorporated into the analysis.…”

Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Homicide Rates and the Multiple Dimensions of Urbanization: A Longitudinal, Cross-National Analysis

2019

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“…However, coal is a pollution-causing fuel, and its use has been decreasing recently [1,2]. Natural gas is an energy source that emits less greenhouse gases than coal or oil, and its main component is methane [3][4][5]. The conversion of coal to methane could contribute significantly to sustainable development and solution of the energy problem [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activated carbon in powder form (Power Carbon Technology Co., Ltd., South Korea, specific surface area 1950 m 2 /g, particle size 6-8 µm) was purchased from a local distributor and used as a conductive material to mediate the electron transfer. The prepared anaerobic medium contained 2.45 g/L of NaH 2 PO 4 ·2H 2 O, 4.58 g/L of Na 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O, 0.31 g/L of NH 4 Cl, 0.13 g/L of KCl, 8.4 g/L of NaHCO 3 , and small amounts of vitamins and trace metals, as described in a previous study [22]. Anaerobic sludge taken from an anaerobic sludge digester (Busan, South Korea) was sieved through a 1 mm screen and then stored at 4 • C in a refrigerator for 24 h to be later used as seed sludge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Yeast Extract, Activated Carbon, and an Electrostatic Field to Interspecies Electron Transfer for the Bioelectrochemical Conversion of Coal to Methane

Piao

Song

et al. 2019

Energies

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The bioelectrochemical conversion of coal to methane was investigated in an anaerobic batch reactor containing yeast extract and activated carbon. In anaerobic degradation of coal, yeast extract was a good stimulant for the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, and activated carbon played a positive role. An electrostatic field of 0.67 V/cm significantly improved methane production from coal by promoting direct and mediated interspecies electron transfers between exoelectrogenic bacteria and electrotrophic methanogenic archaea. However, the accumulation of coal degradation intermediates gradually repressed the conversion of coal to methane, and the methane yield of coal was only 31.2 mL/g lignite, indicating that the intermediates were not completely converted to methane. By supplementing yeast extract and seed sludge into the anaerobic reactor, the intermediate residue could be further converted to methane under an electrostatic field of 0.67 V/cm, and the total methane yield of coal increased to 98.0 mL/g lignite. The repression of the intermediates to the conversion of coal to methane was a kind of irreversible substrate inhibition. The irreversible substrate inhibition in the conversion of coal to methane could be attenuated under the electrostatic field of 0.67 V/cm by ensuring sufficient biomass through biostimulation or bioaugmentation.

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“…Gas should be the least likely candidate for supply cuts. Its emissions are lower than the other two fossil fuels, and it is thus often presented as a ‘transition fuel’ helping to displace coal – notably by international oil companies that broadened their natural gas portfolio (but see Greiner et al., 2018) (Table 4). Like coal, natural gas also tends to generate lower levels of rents for producers than oil, even if more countries are gas revenue-dependent than coal-producing ones.…”

Section: Pathways To Just Cutsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Just cuts for fossil fuels? Supply-side carbon constraints and energy transition

2019

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Reducing greenhouse gas emissions has generally been approached through demand-side initiatives, yet there are increasing calls for supply-side interventions to curtail fossil fuel production. Pursuing energy transition through supply-side constraints would have major geopolitical and economic consequences. Depending on the criteria and instruments applied, supply cuts for fossil fuels could drastically reduce and reorient major financial flows and reshape the spatiality of energy production and consumption. Building on debates about just transitions and supply constraints, we provide a survey of emerging interventions targeting the supply of, rather than the demand for, fossil fuels. We articulate four theories of justice and criteria to prioritize cuts among fossil fuel producers, including with regard to carbon intensity, production costs, affordability, developmental efficiency and support for climate change action. We then examine seven major supply constraint instruments, their effectiveness and possible pathways to supply cuts in the coal, oil and gas sectors. We suggest that supply cuts both reflect and offer purposeful political spaces of interventions towards a ‘just’ transition away from fossil fuel production.

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Snakes in The Greenhouse: Does increased natural gas use reduce carbon dioxide emissions from coal consumption?

Cited by 46 publications

References 15 publications

Homicide Rates and the Multiple Dimensions of Urbanization: A Longitudinal, Cross-National Analysis

Homicide Rates and the Multiple Dimensions of Urbanization: A Longitudinal, Cross-National Analysis

Contribution of Yeast Extract, Activated Carbon, and an Electrostatic Field to Interspecies Electron Transfer for the Bioelectrochemical Conversion of Coal to Methane

Just cuts for fossil fuels? Supply-side carbon constraints and energy transition

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