Smooth polymers charge negatively: Controlling contact electrification polarity in polymers

Verners, Osvalds; Lapčinskis, Linards; Ģērmane, Līva; Kasikov, Aarne; Timusk, Martin; Pudžs, Kaspars; Ellis, Amanda; Sherrell, Peter C.; Šutka, Andris

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107914

Cited by 34 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The typical material that will undergo heterolytic bond cleavage is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), whereby bond cleavage will predominantly result in a positively charged Si termination, and a negatively charged O termination. [100][101] For most other polymers with a carbon-carbon backbone there is minimal driving force for heterolytic bond cleavage. This simple effect may explain why PDMS is so often reported with much higher triboelectric surface charge values compared to other polymer systems.…”

Section: Bond Cleavage and Heterolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the chemical structure of a polymer is clearly important for its contact electrification, the physical surface topography and deformability are also critical for a holistic view. In order to understand the role that surface roughness and topography have on surface polarity from contact electrification, Verners et al [100] contacted chemically identical polymers with different roughness and topography and measured the surface charge obtained on each polymer (Figure 17a). Their results provided direct evidence that a smooth surface will obtain a negative polarity and a rough surface a positive polarity (Figure 17b).…”

Section: Surface Roughness and Topographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering Polymer Interfaces: A Review toward Controlling Triboelectric Surface Charge

Šutka

Lapčinskis

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

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Contact electrification and triboelectric charging are areas of intense research. Despite their low ability to accept or donate electrons, polymer insulator based triboelectric nanogenerators have emerged as highly efficient mechanical‐to‐electrical conversion devices. Here, it is reviewed the structure–property–performance of polymer insulators in triboelectric nanogenerators and focus on tools that can be used to directly enhance charge generation, via altering a polymer's mechanical, thermal, chemical, and topographical properties. In addition to the discussion of these fundamental properties, the use of additives to locally manipulate the polymer surface structure is discussed. The link between each property and the underlying charging mechanism is discussed, in the context of both increasing surface charge and predicting the polarity of surface charge, and pathways to engineer triboelectric charging are highlighted. Key questions facing the field surrounding data reporting, the role of water, and synergy between mass, electron, and ion transfer mechanisms are highlighted with aspirational goals of a holistic model for triboelectric charging proposed.

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Section: Bond Cleavage and Heterolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surface Roughness and Topographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Polymer Interfaces: A Review toward Controlling Triboelectric Surface Charge

Šutka

Lapčinskis

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

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“…This roughness difference has recently been shown to have a significant influence on the polarity of charge at individual contact electrification interfaces. [ 22 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This roughness difference has recently been shown to have a significant influence on the polarity of charge at individual contact electrification interfaces. [22] Further, when considering the electrospun laminates, deposition of large EVA fibers (Ø 2.3 µm) results in a relatively large pore volume. Subsequent electrospinning of the smaller PLA fibers (Ø 0.14 µm) results in this pore space being filled, and a tight interface forming between this EVA | PLA bilayer system (Figure 1b).…”

Section: Concepts For Energy Harvesting With Laminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be achieved through polymer chemistry, [5] or altering stress accumulation. [22] Here, the friction at the loose interface cause material transfer. The ordering of the loose interfaces, both chemically (PLA || EVA) and physically (smaller PLA || larger EVA), means that at the dipole at each interface has the same orientation.…”

Section: Implications Of Charging Mechanism In Triboelectric Laminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrospinning Triboelectric Laminates: A Pathway for Scaling Energy Harvesters

Linarts

Sherrell

Mālnieks

et al. 2023

Small

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Herein, a new paradigm of triboelectric polymers—the triboelectric laminate—a volumetric material with electromechanical response comparable to the benchmark soft piezoelectric material polyvinylidene difluoride is reported. The electromechanical response in the triboelectric laminate arises from aligned dipoles, generated from the orientation of contact electrification in the laminates bulk volume. The dipoles form between sequential bilayers consisting of two different electrospun polymer fibers of different diameter. The loose interface between the fiber bilayers ensures friction and triboelectric charging between two polymers. The electric output from the electrospun triboelectric laminate increases with increasing density of the bilayers. This system design has clear benefits over other flexible devices for mechanical energy harvesting as it does not require any poling procedures, and the electromechanical response is stable over 24 h of continuous operation. Moreover, the electromechanically responsive electrospun laminate can be made from all types of polymers, thus providing ample room for further improvements or functionalities such as stretchability, biodegradability, or biocompatibility. The concept of a triboelectric laminate can be introduced into existing triboelectric nanogenerator form factors, to dramatically increase charge harvesting of a variety of devices.

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Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites as Piezoelectric Nanogenerator: Properties, Fabrication and Market Applications

Mukherjee,

Dasgupta Ghosh,

Ghosh

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Depletion of fossil fuels and increase in pollution through chemical batteries trigger the development of self‐powered devices based on flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators. Biocompatible piezoelectric PVDF nanocomposites merged with piezoelectric fillers like ZnO, KNN, and BaTiO3 reproduce amended piezoelectric current, contributing to the safe application as biosensors and flexible industrial devices. Optimized loading, precise selection, and variating the surface chemistry of piezoelectric filler, along with fabrication schemes comprising different structural configurations of composites, considerably influence its potential for application as energy harvester. Also, optimized processing condition upgrades dielectric constant, energy storage density, and reduces dielectric loss, thereby plummeting energy dissipation even after prolonged usage. Consequently, this paper reviews the principles, properties, fabrication techniques, and market application of PVDF composites. A detailed relationship of significant electrical properties of PVDF composites with its fabrication methods and piezoelectric parameters of fabricated PVDF composites with reported real‐life wearable, implantable, and industrial‐based portable piezoelectric devices are discussed in detail along with tabulated data for clear understanding of structure‐property relationship. Again, market strategy for establishing flexible PVDF composite as a piezoelectric nanogenerator has been discussed. An in‐depth knowledge is provided for procuring affordable futuristic large‐scale PVDF‐based nanogenerators exhibiting affordable market worth.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Smooth polymers charge negatively: Controlling contact electrification polarity in polymers

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Engineering Polymer Interfaces: A Review toward Controlling Triboelectric Surface Charge

Engineering Polymer Interfaces: A Review toward Controlling Triboelectric Surface Charge

Electrospinning Triboelectric Laminates: A Pathway for Scaling Energy Harvesters

Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposites as Piezoelectric Nanogenerator: Properties, Fabrication and Market Applications

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