Smart Active Vibration Control System of a Rotary Structure Using Piezoelectric Materials

Abstract

A smart active vibration control (AVC) system containing piezoelectric (PZT) actuators, jointly with a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller, is proposed in this article to control transverse deflections of a wind turbine (WT) blade. In order to apply controlling rules to the WT blade, a state-of-the-art semi-analytical solution is developed to obtain WT blade lateral displacement under external loadings. The proposed method maps the WT blade to a Euler–Bernoulli beam under the same conditions to find the blade’s vibration and dynamic responses by solving analytical vibration solutions of the Euler–Bernoulli beam. The governing equations of the beam with PZT patches are derived by integrating the PZT transducer vibration equations into the vibration equations of the Euler–Bernoulli beam structure. A finite element model of the WT blade with PZT patches is developed. Next, a unique transfer function matrix is derived by exciting the structures and achieving responses. The beam structure is projected to the blade using the transfer function matrix. The results obtained from the mapping method are compared with the counter of the blade’s finite element model. A satisfying agreement is observed between the results. The results showed that the method’s accuracy decreased as the sensors’ distance from the base of the wind turbine increased. In the designing process of the LQR controller, various weighting factors are used to tune control actions of the AVC system. LQR optimal control gain is obtained by using the state-feedback control law. The PZT actuators are located at the same distance from each other an this effort to prevent neutralizing their actuating effects. The LQR shows significant performance by diminishing the weights on the control input in the cost function. The obtained results indicate that the proposed smart control system efficiently suppresses the vibration peaks along the WT blade and the maximum flap-wise displacement belonging to the tip of the structure is successfully controlled.

GA tuned LQR controller for active vibration control of a rotor bearing system using piezoelectric actuators

“…In order to overcome the shortcomings of the iterative method, many techniques [23] for choosing the parameters of the LQR controller are used. In the recent decades , a GA has been chosen for successful application in vibration control [2,13,[19][20][21][22].…”

“…One of the ways applied to control actively the vibrations is to use smart materials such as piezoelectric materials as actuators [1]. Hashemi et al [2] propose a smart AVC system for wind turbine blades, utilizing piezoelectric actuators and Linear Quadratic Regulator LQR. The proposed smart control system efficiently suppresses the vibration peaks along the wind turbine blade, and the maximum flap-wise displacement belonging to the tip of the structure is successfully controlled.…”

“…Choosing the right parameters for this final component is crucial for optimizing the performance of the AVC system. For this purpose, several control techniques [7] can be used such as fuzzy control [8], Robust Control [9], Sliding mode control [10], LQR [2]. Among the control strategies gaining in popularity, the LQR is one of the most used techniques in recent years.…”

Review on applications of piezoelectric materials for aero-engine blade vibration suppression

“…The results showed that the intelligent bionic algorithm has broad application prospects in solving complex problems of nonlinear system in active vibration suppression. Hashemi [39] et al proposed a smart active vibration control (AVC) system containing piezoelectric actuators.…”

Nonlinear Vibration Control Experimental System Design of a Flexible Arm Using Interactive Actuations from Shape Memory Alloy

“…The development of smart materials has been reported for many vibration control applications, such as interactive actuators, shape memory alloys (SMA) [ 12 , 13 ] controlled by operator-based design [ 14 ], piezoelectric materials in the form of PZT actuators [ 15 ], piezoelectric sensors [ 16 , 17 ], and so on. Shape memory alloys (SMA) as interactive actuators have proven to be particularly beneficial in comparison to other actuation technologies when incorporated in applications demanding strict adherence to a set of compatibility (e.g., mechanical, biological, weight) and environmental limitations.…”