Smallholder farmers managing climate risk in India: 2. Is it climate-smart?

Hochman, Zvi; Horan, Heidi; Reddy, D. Sreekantha; Sreenivas, G.; Tallapragada, Chiranjeevi; Adusumilli, Ravindra; Gaydon, Donald S.; Laing, Alison M.; Kokic, Philip; Singh, K. K.; Roth, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2016.11.007

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Reflecting on successes from other sectors, geographic information has been used to respond to natural disasters and increase community resilience across a range of environments [42,43], and resilience building in the agricultural sector, particularly in smallholder communities, has similar use potential. Such an aspiration aligns well with the concept of climate smart agriculture (CSA)-to increase food and livelihood security, and farming and landscape resilience [8,44,45]-but explicitly identifies smallholders' needs for improved information access to enable better decision making for sustainable agriculture.…”

Section: Geographic Information In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 83%

“…Global climatic changes are influencing crop growth and yield, water balances, input availability, and agricultural system management components [4], with ensuing impacts on farming practices [5][6][7]. Smallholders are faced with both long-term climate stressors and short-term shocks [8]. Geographic variability in climate impacts coupled with low levels of coping and adaptive capacity results in high levels of vulnerability for marginalised farmers [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographic Information and Communication Technologies for Supporting Smallholder Agriculture and Climate Resilience

Haworth

Biggs

Duncan

et al. 2018

Climate

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Multiple factors constrain smallholder agriculture and farmers’ adaptive capacities under changing climates, including access to information to support context appropriate farm decision-making. Current approaches to geographic information dissemination to smallholders, such as the rural extension model, are limited, yet advancements in internet and communication technologies (ICTs) could help augment these processes through the provision of agricultural geographic information (AGI) directly to farmers. We analysed recent ICT initiatives for communicating climate and agriculture-related information to smallholders for improved livelihoods and climate change adaptation. Through the critical analysis of initiatives, we identified opportunities for the success of future AGI developments. We systematically examined 27 AGI initiatives reported in academic and grey literature (e.g., organisational databases). Important factors identified for the success of initiatives include affordability, language(s), community partnerships, user collaboration, high quality and locally-relevant information through low-tech platforms, organisational trust, clear business models, and adaptability. We propose initiatives should be better-targeted to deliver AGI to regions in most need of climate adaptation assistance, including SE Asia, the Pacific, and the Caribbean. Further assessment of the most effective technological approaches is needed. Initiatives should be independently assessed for evaluation of their uptake and success, and local communities should be better-incorporated into the development of AGI initiatives.

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Section: Geographic Information In Agriculturementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Information and Communication Technologies for Supporting Smallholder Agriculture and Climate Resilience

Haworth

Biggs

Duncan

et al. 2018

Climate

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“…In terms of geographic coverage, India was the most represented country in the CSA literature, with 13 publications [36][37][38][39][40][41], followed by Tanzania (n = 10) [42][43][44][45], Germany (n = 8) [46][47][48] and Malawi (n = 7) [49][50][51] (see Figure S2 for the distribution of the CSA related publication across countries). Some publications however, did not make specific reference to a country or region (n = 21) and provided generic conceptual development [11,52,53].…”

Section: Climate-smart Agriculture Focused Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional Perspectives of Climate-Smart Agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2018

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Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is increasingly seen as a promising approach to feed the growing world population under climate change. The review explored how institutional perspectives are reflected in the CSA literature. In total, 137 publications were analyzed using institutional analysis framework, of which 55.5% make specific reference to institutional dimensions. While the CSA concept encompasses three pillars (productivity, adaptation, and mitigation), the literature has hardly addressed them in an integrated way. The development status of study sites also seems to influence which pillars are promoted. Mitigation was predominantly addressed in high-income countries, while productivity and adaptation were priorities for middle and low-income countries. Interest in institutional aspects has been gradual in the CSA literature. It has largely focused on knowledge infrastructure, market structure, and hard institutional aspects. There has been less attention to understand whether investments in physical infrastructure and actors' interaction, or how historical, political, and social context may influence the uptake of CSA options. Rethinking the approach to promoting CSA technologies by integrating technology packages and institutional enabling factors can provide potential opportunities for effective scaling of CSA options.

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“…The identification, prioritization and promotion of available CSA technologies considering local climatic risks are major challenges in planning and implementation of CSA practices. Hochman et al () suggested participatory action research with smallholder farmers, coupled with field testing and simulation analysis to produce practical, sustainable and productive climate‐smart adaptation options. Table presents some important interventions and indicators thereof that can be visualized as smart land and water management practices together with production practices for resilient agriculture systems.…”

Section: Portfolio Of Climate‐smart Land and Water Management For Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate‐Smart Land and Water Management for Sustainable Agriculture

Sikka

Rao

2017

Irrigation and Drainage

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Indian agriculture is vulnerable to climate variability and change. The Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) based model ensemble projects a warming of 1.5-4.3°C and an increase in precipitation by 6-14% for India under different representative concentration pathways (RCPs) for the 2080s (2071-2100) compared to the baseline period . The Indian Council of Agricultural Research through its network project on National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) has demonstrated different land and water management interventions in the vulnerable districts of India to enhance the resilience of agriculture to climate change and variability. Rainwater harvesting and its judicious utilization through farm ponds and community tanks in rainfed districts demonstrated the ability to build resilience and also enhance cropping intensity (20-135%). Construction of temporary check dams (bori-bandhan) in high-rainfall areas brought lowland areas into cultivation which otherwise would have remained fallow due to inundation in the kharif (monsoon) season. Renovation of aahar (water reservoirs) and construction of farm ponds in Bihar ensured protective irrigation during dry spells in kharif, increasing paddy productivity by 20.7%, and also raised the groundwater level by 30 cm. Adoption of participatory integrated watershed management within a river basin perspective provides a framework for climate change adaptation through reduced runoff, increased groundwater recharge, improved crop productivity and increased carbon sequestration.

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Smallholder farmers managing climate risk in India: 2. Is it climate-smart?

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Geographic Information and Communication Technologies for Supporting Smallholder Agriculture and Climate Resilience

Geographic Information and Communication Technologies for Supporting Smallholder Agriculture and Climate Resilience

Institutional Perspectives of Climate-Smart Agriculture: A Systematic Literature Review

Climate‐Smart Land and Water Management for Sustainable Agriculture

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