Slow crack growth and failure induced by manufacturing defects in HDPE-tubes

Schouwenaars, Rafael; Jacobo, Víctor H.; Ramos, Eduardo; Ortíz, A.

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.11.066

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Different phenomena were already reported in the literature about the failure of HDPE pipes. Swelling, microcracks and plasticization are common problems related to the aging of polymers [3,4]. According Ward et al [5], the different mechanisms can often coexist in HDPE due to the semicrystalline morphology of the polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep behavior of high density polyethylene after aging in contact with different oil derivates

Habas-Ulloa¹,

d’Almeida²,

Habas³

2010

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The creep behavior of a high density polyethylene (HDPE), currently used as raw material for pipe manufacture, was evaluated before and after exposure to oil derivates using transient rheometry. The creep behavior of the original HDPE was satisfactorily described using a generalized Kelvin-Voigt model based on two retardation times. The values of these critical times were quite different from each other, indicating a large distribution of macromolecular weight. The aging procedure was performed by immersing the polymer in two model fluids chosen to discriminate and understand the action of aromatic and paraffinic fractions of fuel derivatives (white oil, gas-oil). The batch operation was also carried out at two different temperatures to investigate the thermal activation of plausible degrading mechanisms. In the case of the aging performed in the paraffinic fluid, the polymer compliance continuously increased with the immersion duration. This behavior was attributed to a plasticization induced by the diffusion of the liquid in the polymer matrix. The same phenomenon was observed in the early stage of the HDPE aging carried out with the aromatic fluid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep behavior of high density polyethylene after aging in contact with different oil derivates

Habas-Ulloa¹,

d’Almeida²,

Habas³

2010

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…It is used in geomembranes, metal recovering structures and for fluid pipes [18]. Properties are resumed in Vitreous transition temperature 80° C…”

Section: Materials and Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental characterization of clay soils behavior stabilized by polymers

Bekkouche¹,

Boukhatem²

2018

J. Fundam and Appl Sci.

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In this work, we propose to use both PVC and HDPE polymers such additions in cohesive soils to determine their influence on the physical and mechanical properties of soil-polymer material in function of time, which should insure some optimal period of life. For this purpose, different tests including Atterberg Limits, standard compaction, swelling potential, and swelling pressure, were conducted on control and treated soil samples using different Percentage of Polymer (PVC and HDPE) (0, 3 and 6%). Also California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were conducted on control and treated samples. The results showed that soil treatment with PVC and HDPE, resulted in improvement of CBR and maximum dry density and reduction in Atterberg Limits, swelling potential and swelling pressure. The addition of a small percentage of polymer causes initially at (t =0 sec) an instantaneous of deformation (elastic response), followed by a time-dependent deformation with the speed of the increasing deformation. Keywords

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“…Envelhecimentos físicos ocorrem isentos de degradação química [8] . A difusão, sorção e a permeabilidade são processos de transporte que podem provocar um envelhecimento físico quando um polímero como PEAD ou PP entra em contato com solventes orgânicos [5,[9][10][11][12] . Em uma interação desses polímeros com a fase líquida, as moléculas de solvente se difundem no volume livre existente entre as cadeias da matriz polimérica, sem que ocorra qualquer reação química.…”

Section: -Efeito Dos Solventes Orgânicos Sobre O Comportamento Físicounclassified

Efeito dos solventes orgânicos sobre o comportamento físico-químico do polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) e polipropileno (PP)

Pereira¹,

Domingos²,

Castro³

et al. 2014

Polímeros

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Resumo: O mercado brasileiro de embalagens empregado ao armazenamento de petróleo e seus derivados vem crescendo a cada ano, sendo constituídas basicamente por polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) e polipropileno (PP). Contudo durante o armazenamento, a matriz polimérica fica exposta ao óleo, comprometendo suas propriedades físicas e consequentemente a durabilidade do material. Portanto, estudos relacionados com a interação entre solventes orgânicos e a matriz polimérica tornam-se importantes. Neste trabalho, a interação do PEAD e PP com diferentes solventes apolares (tolueno, n-heptano, n-decano e n-tetradecano) foram estudadas em função da temperatura (25, 50 e 80 °C). Os valores de ganho de massa, coeficientes de difusão, sorção, permeabilidade e parâmetros de mecanismo de transporte foram calculados. O ganho de massa observado para o PP foi maior do que para o PEAD, em todas as temperaturas, sendo que o tolueno foi o solvente responsável pelo maior ganho de massa, atingindo o equilíbrio em um menor intervalo de tempo. Esse resultado corrobora com os valores de coeficiente de difusão e de permeabilidade, que aumentaram na seguinte ordem: n-heptano > n-decano > n-tetradecano. Uma ordem inversa foi observada para os solventes alifáticos quando os valores de coeficiente de sorção foram calculados. O mecanismo de transporte foi também estudado através da regressão dos dados de sorção, sendo classificado como anômalo. Palavras-chave: Polietileno de alta densidade, PEAD, polipropileno, PP, envelhecimento, ganho de massa, difusão, sorção, permeabilidade. Effect of Organic Solvents on the Physical-Chemistry Behavior of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP)Abstract: Recently, the brazilian packing market of polymeric materials applied to storage of petroleum and its devired is growing every year, being basically constituted from two polymers: high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP). However, during the storage process, the polymeric matrix can interact with the oil, thus compromising, its physical-chemical properties and durability. Therefore, it is necessary to study the migration mechanism existent between organic solvents and polymeric materials. In this work, the interaction of HDPE and PP with different organic solvents (toluene, n-heptane, n-decane and n-tetradecane) was studied as function of temperature (25, 50 and 80 °C). Values of weight gain, coefficients of diffusion, sorption and permeability and mechanism of transport were calculated. The values of weight gain for PP were higher than PEAD in all temperatures studied. Among the solvents used, the toluene had the highest weight gain, reaching consequently, an equilibrium plateau in a lower time period. This result is good agreement with the diffusion and permeability coefficients, which the values increased in the following order: toluene > n-heptane > n-decane > n-tetradecane. An appositive behavior was observed for aliphatic solvents when the sorption coefficient values were analyzed. The mechanism of transport phen...

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Slow crack growth and failure induced by manufacturing defects in HDPE-tubes

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Creep behavior of high density polyethylene after aging in contact with different oil derivates

Creep behavior of high density polyethylene after aging in contact with different oil derivates

Experimental characterization of clay soils behavior stabilized by polymers

Efeito dos solventes orgânicos sobre o comportamento físico-químico do polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) e polipropileno (PP)

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