Sleep in Normal Aging

Li, Junxin; Vitiello, Michael V.; Gooneratne, Nalaka S.

doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.09.001

Cited by 434 publications

(321 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…As expected, women displayed onset times that were 15 [95%CI: 0-30] minutes earlier than men (Cohen's D = 0.432) 21 . Age was associated with shorter sleep duration (D = -1.411) and later sleep onset times (D = 0.429), which would be expected for the age range of our participants (Extended Data Table 2) 22,23 .…”

Section: ) a Group Of Participants Living In Sparsely Distributed Hosupporting

confidence: 58%

Moonstruck sleep: Synchronization of Human Sleep with the Moon Cycle under Natural Conditions

Casiraghi

Spiousas

Dunster

et al. 2020

Preprint

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As humans transitioned from hunter-gatherer to agricultural to highly urbanized post-industrial communities they progressively created environments that isolated sleep from its ancestral regulators, including the natural light-dark cycle. A prominent feature of this isolation is the availability of artificial light during the night, which delays the onset of sleep and shortens its duration. Before artificial light, moonlight was the only source of natural light sufficient to stimulate activity during the night; still, evidence for the modulation of sleep timing by lunar phases under natural conditions is controversial.Here we use data collected with wrist actimeters that measure daily sleep to show a clear synchronization of nocturnal sleep timing with the lunar cycle in participants who live in environments that range from a rural setting without access to electricity to a highly urbanized post-industrial one. The onset of sleep is delayed and sleep duration shortened as much as 1.5 hours on nights that precede the full moon night. Our data suggests that moonlight may have exerted selective pressure for nocturnal activity and sleep inhibition and that access to artificial evening light may emulate the ancestral effect of early-night moonlight.

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Section: ) a Group Of Participants Living In Sparsely Distributed Hosupporting

confidence: 58%

Moonstruck sleep: Synchronization of Human Sleep with the Moon Cycle under Natural Conditions

Casiraghi

Spiousas

Dunster

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Regarding sleep stages, NREM-REM sleep cycles were fewer and shorter. Aging was characterized by a linear decrease in the proportion of REM [60,61] and a reduced amount of deep NREM sleep, compensated with an increased duration of light NREM [47,[64][65][66]. These changes in sleep architecture during adulthood have been confirmed by two different meta-analyses, one of which included subjects from childhood to old age [61,62].…”

Section: Changes In Sleep and Memory In Normal Agingmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…With aging, several changes in the patterns and architecture of sleep occurred, which were especially perceptible after the sixth decade of life. In humans, normal aging was associated with advanced sleep phase, as older adults frequently present a phase-shift, falling asleep early in the night and waking up early in the morning [59,60]. Total nocturnal sleep time showed a near linear decrease of 8-12 min per decade [59,[61][62][63].…”

Section: Changes In Sleep and Memory In Normal Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Sleep Disruption a Cause or Consequence of Alzheimer’s Disease? Reviewing Its Possible Role as a Biomarker

Lloret

Cervera‐Ferri

Nepomuceno

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In recent years, the idea that sleep is critical for cognitive processing has gained strength. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide and presents a high prevalence of sleep disturbances. However, it is difficult to establish causal relations, since a vicious circle emerges between different aspects of the disease. Nowadays, we know that sleep is crucial to consolidate memory and to remove the excess of beta-amyloid and hyperphosphorilated tau accumulated in AD patients' brains. In this review, we discuss how sleep disturbances often precede in years some pathological traits, as well as cognitive decline, in AD. We describe the relevance of sleep to memory consolidation, focusing on changes in sleep patterns in AD in contrast to normal aging. We also analyze whether sleep alterations could be useful biomarkers to predict the risk of developing AD and we compile some sleep-related proposed biomarkers. The relevance of the analysis of the sleep microstructure is highlighted to detect specific oscillatory patterns that could be useful as AD biomarkers.the risk of developing AD [9]. Similarly, Bubu and colleagues estimated in a meta-analysis that the risk of dementia in patients with sleep disorders was 1.68 times greater [10]. Moreover, in a recent multi-center study, both midlife and late-life terminal insomnia were associated with a higher risk of dementia [11].It is interesting to note that affected brain structures in people with disturbed sleep coincide with vulnerable areas in AD. Lower gray matter volume in hippocampus, precuneus, amygdala, and cingulate gyrus [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and a higher degree of cortical atrophy have been described in cognitively-unimpaired insomnia patients [14,20]. A recent study performed in cognitively unimpaired adults aged between 45 and 75, found that insomnia patients presented decreases in grey matter volume in AD-related areas, that concur with other studies. Furthermore, they found greater volume in the left caudate in these subjects, which can also be seen in presymptomatic carriers of an AD genetic mutation [21]. Finally, a very recent study in middle-aged, cognitively unimpaired adults found lower grey matter volumes in the left angular gyrus, the bilateral superior frontal gyri, the thalami, and the right hippocampus in insomniac APOE-ε4 carriers (AD's main risk factor) when compared to non-carriers with or without insomnia [21].This temporal and anatomical relationship could suggest that sleep disturbances may influence or exacerbate AD pathology and that improving sleep may help slow down its progression [22,23]. Additionally, sleep alterations could be used to predict the risk of developing dementia and could also serve as early indicators of the disease. If sleep disorders constitute a risk factor to initiate or to accelerate the clinical course of AD, they could be used to develop disease biomarkers. Furthermore, a sleep biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity would be extremely useful, as electrophysiological re...

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“…The SOLAR software package https://helix.nih.gov/Documentation/solar-6.6.2-doc/03.chapter.html provides extensive capabilities for analyzing heritability and has been widely used in family and twin studies. We used SOLAR to estimate heritability of traits by creating a pedigree structure of MZ and DZ twin families, and we considered three possible covariates, sex, age and body mass index (BMI), given their known influence on sleep/wake and circadian traits . The SOLAR “polygenic” command performs a variance component analysis to determine broad sense heritability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twin‐based heritability of actimetry traits

Gehrman

Ghorai

Goodman

et al. 2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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There is a critical need for phenotypes with substantial heritability that can be used as endophenotypes in behavioral genetic studies. Activity monitoring, called actimetry, has potential as a means of assessing sleep and circadian rhythm traits that could serve as endophenotypes relevant to a range of psychopathologies. This study examined a range of actimetry traits for heritability using a classic twin design. The sample consisted of 195 subjects from 45 monozygotic (MZ) and 50 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs aged 16‐40 years. Subjects wore both a research‐grade actimeter (GENEActiv) and a consumer‐oriented device (FitBit) for 2 weeks. Sleep and circadian traits were extracted from GENEActiv data using PennZzz and ChronoSapiens software programs. Sleep statistics for a limited number of FitBit‐collected traits were generated by its accompanying mobile app. Broad sense heritability was computed on a set of 33 MZ and 38 DZ twin pairs with complete data using both OpenMX and SOLAR software. These analyses yielded a large number of actimetry‐derived traits, 20 of which showed high heritability (h2 > 0.6), seven of which remain significant after Bonferroni correction. These results indicate that actimetry enables assessing a range of phenotypes with substantial heritability that may be useful as endophenotypes for genetic studies.

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Sleep in Normal Aging

Cited by 434 publications

References 101 publications

Moonstruck sleep: Synchronization of Human Sleep with the Moon Cycle under Natural Conditions

Moonstruck sleep: Synchronization of Human Sleep with the Moon Cycle under Natural Conditions

Is Sleep Disruption a Cause or Consequence of Alzheimer’s Disease? Reviewing Its Possible Role as a Biomarker

Twin‐based heritability of actimetry traits

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