Sleep Difficulties are Associated with Parent Report of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo

Koriakin, Taylor A.; Mahone, E. Mark; Jacobson, Lisa A.

doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000224

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Interestingly, DAS-II Pattern Construction and Copying and NEPSY Visual Attention scores have been shown to be lower in individuals with sleep-disordered breathing than typically developing controls and associated with a Total Arousal Index (a score derived from sleep time combining respiratory and spontaneous arousal) (O'Brien et al, 2004); SCT symptoms have also been shown to be associated with sleep difficulties (Becker, Garner, & Byars, 2016; Koriakin, Mahone, & Jacobson, 2015). The DAS-II Pattern Construction and Copying, and NEPSY Visual Attention tasks also involve motor speed and one previous study did find evidence for slower motor speed in girls with ADHD who also had high SCT (Hinshaw et al, 2002); the current study also showed higher teacher rated SCT symptoms predicted slower simple reaction times in the computerized Bubbles task, and poorer inhibition on the Animal Go/NoGo task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms associated with executive functioning in preschoolers?

Tamm

Brenner

Bamberger

et al. 2016

Child Neuropsychology

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The aim of this study is to investigate whether sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms are associated with neurocognitive task performance and ratings of real-world executive functioning (EF) in preschoolers at risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The associations between parent- and teacher-rated SCT symptoms and neuropsychological task performance and ratings of EF in 61 4-year-old preschool children (51 boys, 10 girls) with self-regulation difficulties were examined, with regression analyses controlling for the effects of ADHD inattention symptoms. In the study sample, higher teacher-rated SCT symptoms are significantly associated with poorer performance on tasks of visual-perceptual abilities, auditory and visual attention, sustained and selective attention, inhibitory control, pre-numerical/numerical concepts, and slower processing speed, but SCT symptoms are not significantly associated with working memory, attention shifting or cognitive flexibility when controlling for ADHD inattention. Higher parent-rated SCT symptoms are significantly associated with visual-perceptual abilities. ADHD inattention symptoms are more strongly associated than SCT with daily life EF ratings; neither parent- nor teacher-rated SCT symptoms are significantly associated with daily life ratings of inhibition, working memory, or planning/organization after controlling for ADHD inattention. This study suggests that SCT symptoms contribute to EF deficits at least on neurocognitive tasks assessing visual-perceptual/spatial abilities, attention to detail and processing speed, as observed in this sample of young children at risk for ADHD, and may be an important intervention target.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms associated with executive functioning in preschoolers?

Tamm

Brenner

Bamberger

et al. 2016

Child Neuropsychology

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“…Although these two child studies demonstrated modest associations between SCT and sleep (Becker et al, 2015c, Koriakin et al, 2015), several methodological considerations should be noted. First, both studies relied on single-item, non-validated measures of sleep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In a sample of 746 children referred for neuropsychological assessment, Koriakin et al (2015) found that parent ratings of their child’s sleep problems (i.e., difficulty falling asleep, difficulty waking, restless sleep) were significantly correlated with parent-rated SCT symptoms. However, the magnitude of the correlations was modest ( r s = .12-.24), and only difficulty waking remained significantly associated with greater SCT symptoms when controlling for ADHD and internalizing symptoms (Koriakin et al, 2015). Similarly, Becker and colleagues (2015c) found that SCT was only modestly associated with sleep functioning in a sample of 147 children diagnosed with ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sluggish cognitive tempo in children referred to a pediatric Sleep Disorders Center: Examining possible overlap with sleep problems and associations with impairment

Becker

Garner

Byars

2016

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Research supports the distinctness of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) (e.g., mental confusion and slowed behavior/thinking) from other psychopathologies. However, the relation between SCT and sleep functioning has not been adequately studied. We examined the association between SCT and sleep functioning in 325 children (62% male) ages 6-10 years referred to a pulmonary-based, accredited Sleep Disorders Center. Correlations between caregiver ratings of SCT, other psychopathologies (i.e., inattention/hyperactivity, oppositionality, depression, anxiety), sleep functioning (both behavioral and organic symptoms), as well as sleep disorder diagnoses, were examined. Unique effects of SCT and other psychopathologies on sleep problem severity controlling for child demographics were assessed using regressions. Regression analyses were also conducted to examine the unique effects of SCT on impairment (i.e., academic difficulties, parenting stress, and other psychopathologies) controlling for child demographics, sleep problem severity, and other psychopathology symptoms. SCT was weakly to moderately correlated with most measures of sleep (rs=.07-.39) and moderately to strongly correlated with measures of daytime sleepiness (rs=.33 and .53). SCT was uniquely associated with greater sleep functioning severity and impairment in academic functioning. SCT was also uniquely associated with higher levels of depression and inattention/hyperactivity, but not anxiety, and negatively associated with oppositionality. Finally, SCT symptoms were uniquely associated with greater parent-child dysfunctional interaction. Findings demonstrate that SCT is related to, but not redundant with, sleep problems and daytime sleepiness specifically. Further, SCT remained associated with several domains of functional impairment in sleep-disordered children after controlling for clinically-relevant variables, highlighting the potential value in assessing SCT symptoms in children with sleep problems.

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“…Toward this end, although a standard symptom set for assessing SCT is itself an important goal, it may be easier for investigators to freely examine its measurement -both at the construct level and at the individual symptom level. There may also be separate dimensions within SCT that are important to examine in terms of etiology, course, and associations with impairment and treatment response [27,40,[100][101][102][103][104]. In agreement with Lahey and colleagues [23], the overarching SCT construct may be too large a "grain size" for understanding its psychobiology since it includes a range of cognitive, psychomotor, and motivational components while at the same time the SCT construct may be too small if not examined and understood within higher-order models of psychopathology.…”

Section: Key Considerations For Examining Sct Within Hierarchical Modmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology

Becker

Willcutt

2018

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) is separable from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other psychopathologies, and growing evidence demonstrates SCT to be associated with impairment in both children and adults. However, it remains unclear how SCT should optimally be conceptualized. In this article, we argue that multiple models of psychopathology should be leveraged to make substantive advances to our understanding of SCT. Both categorical and dimensional approaches should be used, including the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) nosology, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, and hierarchical models of psychopathology. Studies are needed to determine whether individuals categorized with SCT can be reliably identified and differentiated from individuals without SCT in pathophysiological, neuropsychological, behavioral, and daily life functioning. Studies are also needed to evaluate the validity and utility of SCT as a transdiagnostic and dimensional construct. In considering SCT as a dimensional and potentially transdiagnostic construct, we describe ways in which SCT might be examined within the RDoC framework, including negative valence systems, cognitive systems, and arousal/regulatory systems, as well as within hierarchical models of psychopathology. Conceptualizing SCT within both categorical and dimensional models of psychopathology will help to better understand the causes, developmental pathways, and clinical implications of SCT, both as a construct in its own right and also in relation to other psychopathologies.

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Sleep Difficulties are Associated with Parent Report of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Are sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms associated with executive functioning in preschoolers?

Are sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms associated with executive functioning in preschoolers?

Sluggish cognitive tempo in children referred to a pediatric Sleep Disorders Center: Examining possible overlap with sleep problems and associations with impairment

Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology

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