Skin Aging & Modern Age Anti-aging Strategies

Abstract

As the most voluminous organ of the body that is exposed to the outer environment, the skin suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. Skin aging is characterized by features such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, laxity, and rough-textured appearance. This aging process is accompanied with phenotypic changes in cutaneous cells as well as structural and functional changes in extracellular matrix components such as collagens and elastin. With intrinsic aging, structural changes occur in the skin as a natural consequence of the biological changes over time and produce a certain number of histological, physiological, and biochemical modifications. Intrinsic aging is determined genetically (influence of gender and ethnic group), variable in function of skin site, and also influenced by hormonal changes. Visually it is characterized by fine wrinkles. By comparison, “photoaging” is the term used to describe the changes occurring in the skin, resulting from repetitive exposure to sunlight. The histological, physiological, and biochemical changes in the different layers of the skin are much more drastic. From a mechanical point of view, human skin appears as a layered composite containing the stiff thin cover layer presented by the stratum corneum, below which are the more compliant layers of viable epidermis and dermis and further below the much more compliant adjacent layer of subcutaneous white adipose tissue.

Truths and myths about marketed anti-aging skin products: a systematic review

“…It has several roles such as protection of the body from infections by microorganisms, water loss and it has a cosmetic role. 1 Skin aging involves fragility of the skin, loss of elasticity, wrinkles and mottled dyspigmentation. 2 Skin aging occurs due to the accumulation of effects of several factors including intrinsic (chronologic, genetic, hormonal, metabolic) and extrinsic (ultraviolet A and B, chemicals, toxins).…”

“…14 The skin folds indicate an aged personality, every individual wants to look younger for the entire life, this led to the discovery of many surgical and non-surgical interventions to improve youthfulness. 1 The skin antiaging strategies aim to reverse the signs of aging in the dermis and epidermis and they are categorized as cosmetological care, topical medical agents or topical agents, invasive procedures, systemic agents, preventive medicine, avoidance of external factors and adoption of healthy lifestyle habits. 1 There is no proven effective topical anti-aging treatment or ingredient that completely impedes skin photoaging, but there are products that can reduce and slow down these changes.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-Elastase Activity of Ethanol Extract of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

“…Nowadays, people use cosmetics to prevent UV radiation. Furthermore, dermatologists recommended using sunscreen to protect the skin from incidental exposure such as dehydration, reactive oxygen species, and irradiation (Mohiuddin 2019). Some cosmetic products contain a new ingredient that is not on the licensing list.…”

Cosmetics’ Safety: Gray Areas with Darker Inside

“…Dry skin often occurs in the elderly and tends to worsen in association with the use of standard alkaline bar soaps. Lipid solvents such as acetone, alcohols and even nonionic surfactants can cause dryness of the skin [19] . The major concern regarding the biocide triclosan (commonly used in household and personal care items to prevent the microbial growth) is antibiotic resistance [20][21][22] .…”