Size distribution of total and water-soluble fractions of particle-bound elements—assessment of possible risks via inhalation

Voutsa, Dimitra; Anthemidis, Aristidis N.; Giakisikli, Georgia; Mitani, K.; Besis, Athanasios; Tsolakidou, Alexandra; Samara, Constantini

doi:10.1007/s11356-015-4559-7

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Similar observations were recorded by other studies [27,86]. Children are the most exposed health risk group as ADD via oral and inhalation route is about two times higher in children than adults, while the opposite trend was observed when analyzing the dermal route, in this case adults are the most endangered group [27,86].…”

Section: Exposure Dosesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…All these metals could be related to emissions from road traffic, the state of the roads, and industrial activities, but also other sources [11,80]. Comparing the results of the water-soluble fraction of metals in URD-bound in Upper and Lower Silesia with the results from other sites (for example from Hungary, UK, Greece or China), it can be stated that the range of their solubility is not very significant [27,28,37,81]. The exception is Al; average solubility of Al in dust originating from Greece is 70%, while in Katowice it is 0.0% ( Table 8).…”

Section: Road Dust Metal Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study

et al. 2020

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In this study, urban road dust (URD) samples were collected in two populated agglomerations of Wrocław and Katowice (Lower and Upper Silesia) in Poland. Both the total concentrations of URD-bound Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Ba, Cr, Mg, and Al and concentrations of their water-soluble fraction were determined. The contamination characteristics and health risk related to these elements were assessed. Contamination level assessment was done by Pollution Load Index (PLI), which indicated much higher pollution of Katowice agglomeration than Wrocław. The enrichment factor values (EF) showed that the most elements in both Katowice and Wrocław orginated from anthropogenic sources. The calculations of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) showed that Zn and As are the key pollutants in Katowice; and in the Wrocław region, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni are. The principle component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis provide information about the potential sources of metals. Additionally, a positive matrix factorization (PMF) was performed and four factors in PMF analysis were found and then interpreted by comparing to the source profiles. Three contamination sources were revealed: fossil fuel combustion, road traffic and industrial emissions. Although the main source of studied metals in Lower Silesia is road traffic, in Upper Silesia, domestic heating with the use of hard and brawn coal and industrial activity predominates. Human exposure to individual toxic metals through road dust was assessed for both children and adults. By calculating the average daily dose (ADD) via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, it was found that ingestion and then dermal contact were the greatest exposure pathways for humans in Katowice and Wrocław. Children had greater health risks than adults. According to the health risk assessment, the overall non-carcinogenic risks in both urban areas was rather low. The only exception was As bound to urban road dust in Katowice agglomeration, which indicates risk for children when ingested. The total excess cancer risk (ECR) was also lower than the acceptable level (10−6–10−4) for both adults and children, although ECR for Katowice was closer to this limit.

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Section: Exposure Dosesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Road Dust Metal Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study

et al. 2020

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“… 52s 27s 17s 3s 31w 15w 86w 11w This study Poland Wrocław aggl. 26w 16w 27s 4w 82w 8w 65w 14w This study Greece Thessaloniki 12w 15w 10w 10w 90w 30w 30w 70w Voutsa et al ( 2015 ) China Beijing 30w 30w 20w 40w 40w 10w – 2w Feng et al ( 2009 ) Hungary Tihany (Lake Balaton) 5s 32s 13s 12s 19s 17s – – Hlavay et al ( 1998 ) UK Edinburgh 38s 10s 45s 60s 63s 13s – – Heal et al ( …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Seasonal toxicity of urban road dust in runoff process-studies in Poland

Rybak,

Ziembik,

Wróbel

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Urban road dust (URD) is one of the most important non-point sources of pollution in agglomerations. The aim of this study was to assess the seasonal toxic effects of URD runoff in two regions of Poland. The concentrations of elements in URD and leachate were studied. The impact of pollutants in URD runoff on water organisms was evaluated using Daphtoxkit F and Rotoxkit F (LC50). The acute toxicity tests for crustaceans and rotifers were selected as the response of these taxa reflects the impact on zooplankton, a key component of aquatic ecosystem and the basis of most food webs. The concentrations of elements were found to vary depending on the site, although URD samples collected in Katowice agglomeration (Upper Silesia) had higher values of elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, As) compared to Wrocław (Lower Silesia). The concentrations of Mn, Zn, As, Cr, and Mg in water-soluble fraction of URD were higher in summer and winter in the Upper Silesia region due to rainwater runoff resulting from traffic, industries, post-industrial waste, and the presence of old heating systems. When comparing the content of elements in the water-soluble fraction between seasons, Zn, As, Cr, and Al concentrations were slightly higher in winter. The highest mortality of Daphnia magna and Brachiouns calyciflorus was observed in URD from both agglomerations in winter. However, the mortality is likely due to the concentration of elements or/and the coexistence of an unknown compound or a synergistic effect of the studied elements. This study highlights the alarming seasonal sources of elements in URD runoff, which will directly enter the food chain and affect the entire ecosystem, and human health.

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“…ADD for children via the oral route is almost two times higher than for adults, and the values were the highest in relation to other exposure routes (Table 1 and Supplementary Tables S4-S9). ADD via oral and inhalation routes is about two times higher for children than adults, suggesting that children are the most sensitive group (Voutsa et al 2015).…”

Section: Exposure Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Health risk assessment in the vicinity of a copper smelter: particulate matter collected on a spider web

et al. 2022

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We used spider webs as a particulate matter (PM) sampler to assess the possible health risk to the inhabitants of Legnica city (Poland). We aimed to find out if it is a useful material and could provide reliable information. We selected two spider families (Agelenidae and Linyphiidae) whose webs structure enhances the PM accumulation. The collected particles were analysed using a Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) which provided morphological and chemical information and allowed to indicate possible sources of pollution. The results showed that PM10, the fraction of particles smaller than 10 µm, was dominated by the particles of natural origin, while fine fractions were composed of diverse anthropogenic particles, whose origin can be connected with the activity of the copper smelter and in smaller quantity with the road traffic. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk was assessed for these pathways: inhalation, ingestion, and dermal, for children and adults. The non-carcinogenic risk was very high (Hazard Index: HI > 1) both for children (Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd) and adults (Cu, As, Pb, Cd). Moreover, high carcinogenic risk (>10-4) was found in most of the sampling points. The study shows that spider webs are useful in biomonitoring of PM and can also be used for health risk assessment. In the studied region, it was found that the possible negative impact of air pollution on human health exists.

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Size distribution of total and water-soluble fractions of particle-bound elements—assessment of possible risks via inhalation

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study

Selected Metals in Urban Road Dust: Upper and Lower Silesia Case Study

Seasonal toxicity of urban road dust in runoff process-studies in Poland

Health risk assessment in the vicinity of a copper smelter: particulate matter collected on a spider web

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