Six-minute walk distance as a measure of functional exercise capacity in multiple sclerosis

Savcı, Sema; Inal-Ince, Deni̇z; Arıkan, Hülya; Güçlü-Gündüz, Arzu; Cetisli-Korkmaz, Nilufer; Armutlu, Kadriye; Karabudak, Rana

doi:10.1080/09638280500164479

Cited by 156 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Among patients with neurological disorders, the slower they move, the higher are the sensory-motor and cognitive dysfunctions 3,20,21 .…”

Section: Reliability Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of the "Six Step Spot Test" for gait among patients with multiple sclerosis in Brazil

Pavan¹,

Tilbery²,

Lianza³

et al. 2010

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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The clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS) are variable among patients, and the course of disease is not linear. Different symptoms are presented, with gradual accumulation of disability. These variations are difficult to quantify in clinical practice, and several studies have attempted to create instruments capable of measuring these disabilities. The Six Step Spot Test (SSST) was developed for quantitative evaluation of the lower limbs (LL) over time. Performance in this test reflects the complexity of sensory-motor function, including LL strength, spasticity, coordination and balance, going beyond vision and cognition. The aim of the present study was to validate the SSST in a population of MS patients in Brazil. This prospective study included 75 patients with MS, with EDSS 0 to 6.5 in the study group. Ninety-one healthy subjects were randomly selected for the control group. The results showed that the groups were similar, and that the SSST is a reliable and reproducible test. According to the statistical analysis on the data in this study, the SSST is a valid, reliable and reproducible tool for use in the Brazilian MS patient population. Key words: gait, multiple sclerosis, disability evaluation, validation studies, reproducibility of results.Validação do teste de marcha "six step spot test" em pacientes com esclerose múltipla no brasil resumo As manifestações clínicas da esclerose múltipla (EM) são variáveis e o curso da doença não é linear, caracterizado por sintomas, acúmulo progressivo de incapacidades. Estas variações são difíceis de quantificar na prática clínica, motivo pelo qual surgiram diversos estudos para criação de instrumentos capazes de mensurar essas incapacidades. O Six Step Spot Test (SSST) foi desenvolvido para avaliar função dos membros inferiores (MMII) de forma quantitativa, mensurado no domínio tempo, avaliando a complexa função sensório-motora, como força em MMII, espasticidade, coordenação e equilíbrio, além da visão e cognição. Este estudo teve como objetivo validar o SSST para pacientes com EM no Brasil. Estudo prospectivo do qual participaram 75 pacientes com EM e EDSS de 0 a 6,5 no grupo de estudo e 91 indivíduos saudáveis no controle que foram selecionados aleatoriamente. Segundo os dados estatísticos deste estudo, o SSST é válido, confiável e reprodutível para pacientes com EM no Brasil. Palavras-chave: marcha, esclerose múltipla, avaliação da deficiência, estudos de validação, reprodutibilidade dos testes.

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“…Among patients with neurological disorders, the slower they move, the higher are the sensory-motor and cognitive dysfunctions 3,20,21 .…”

Section: Reliability Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is necessary to monitor the progress of patients and to seek scientific evidence based on the various types of therapeutic interventions. Thus, it is important to have gait assessment scales for MS [1][2][3] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the "Six Step Spot Test" for gait among patients with multiple sclerosis in Brazil

Pavan¹,

Tilbery²,

Lianza³

et al. 2010

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Doing so may help manage the many disabling symptoms often associated with the disease including muscle weakness 2 , reduced balance 3,4 , reduced mobility 3 , reduced exercise tolerance 5,6 and fatigue 7 . Cumulative evidence suggests that exercise may help improve some of these symptoms [8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a 12-week leisure centre-based, group exercise intervention for people moderately affected with multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled pilot study

et al. 2011

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Objective: To establish the effects of a twelve week, community based, group exercise intervention for people moderately affected with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) (Extended Disability Status Score 5-6.5). Design: Randomised controlled pilot trialSetting: Two community leisure centres.Participants: 32 subjects with MS were randomised into an intervention or control group. Intervention:The intervention group received twelve weeks of twice weekly, 60 minute group exercise sessions, which included mobility, balance and resistance exercises. The control group received usual care. Main Outcome measures:An assessor blinded to group allocation assessed participants at baseline, after eight weeks and after twelve weeks (i.e after the intervention period). The primary outcome measure was 25 Foot Walk time (T25FW), secondary outcomes assessed walking endurance, balance, physical function, leg strength, body mass index, activity levels, fatigue, anxiety and depression, quality of life and goal attainment. ResultsThe intervention led to an improvement in all outcome measures. Physical activity results showed a significant group effect (p<0.001) and interaction effect (p=0.009), post hoc analysis revealed this was significant at week eight (p<0.001) and week twelve (p=0.005).Balance confidence results showed a significant group effect (p=0.001). Good effect sizes were found for activity levels (d=1.05), dynamic balance (d=0.80), perceived balance (d=0.94) and leg strength (d=1.33). Conclusion:Although further research is required, the results of the study suggest that community based group exercise classes are a feasible option for people moderately affected with MS, and offer benefits such as improved physical activity levels, balance and leg strength.3

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“…Originally developed to assess disability in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) has since been extensively studied and used with older persons and persons with heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, cardiovascular conditions, stroke, obesity, human immunodeficiency virus, acquired brain injury, adult cerebral palsy, and MS. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Reference values for the 6MWT are reported for people aged 20 to 50 15 and 55 to 75 years. 16 Performance on the 6MWT is influenced by many factors, including age, 16,19,20,22 gender, 20 race, 20 height, 20 weight, 17,20 health condition (medications, 14 ), and psychological conditions (depression, cognition, affect).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-Minute Walk Test for Persons with Mild or Moderate Disability from Multiple Sclerosis: Performance and Explanatory Factors

Wetzel¹,

Fry²,

Pfalzer³

2011

Physiotherapy Canada

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Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which health factors, functional measures, and pulmonary impairment explain performance on 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance in ambulatory persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Another purpose was to determine the effect of disability and age on 6MWT performance and explanatory factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate factors that explain performance on the 6MWT in 64 community-dwelling persons with MSrelated disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] 3.8 e 1.6). Of the 64 participants, 43 (67.2%) exhibited mild disability (EDSS <4.0) and 21 (32.8%) had moderate disability Results: EDSS, ABC, FST, SST, BAL, MVV, MIP, and MEP were significantly associated with 6MWT distance after adjusting for age. Multiple step-wise linear regression analysis revealed that ABC, FST, and BAL were significant and independent explanatory factors of 6MWT distance. ABC and FST explained 75% of the variance in 6MWT performance (R 2 ¼ 0.75). Curvilinear regression analysis revealed that the FST is the most significant explanatory factor for 6MWT distance, explaining 79% of the variance (R 2 ¼ 0.79). Conclusions: 6MWT performance in persons with MS was explained by balance confidence (ABC) and stair-climbing ability (FST). The ABC and FST may be practical clinical measures for explaining walking ability and determining risk for disablement in persons with MS. RÉ SUMÉObjectif : L'objectif principal de cette é tude é tait de dé terminer jusqu'à quel point les facteurs de santé , les mesures fonctionnelles et les incapacité s pulmonaires influent sur les ré sultats en terme de distance au test de marche de 6 minutes (6MWT) chez les personnes qui souffrent de sclé rose en plaques (SP) et qui sont encore ambulatoires. Un autre objectif consistait à é valuer l'effet de l'incapacité et de l'â ge sur les ré sultats au 6MWT et sur les facteurs explicatifs. Mé thode : Une é tude transversale a é té utilisé e pour é valuer les facteurs expliquant les ré sultats au 6MWT chez 64 personnes avec SP qui vivent dans des habitations communautaires, avec incapacité s lié es à leur maladie (é chelle d'incapacité EDSS 3,8 e 1,6). Au total, 43 sujets (67,2 %) dé montraient une incapacité lé gè re (EDSS < 4,0) et 21 (32,8 %) avaient une incapacité modé ré e (EDSS 4,0-6,5). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.We thank the following individuals for their assistance with the study: Susan Kushner, PT, MS; Anang Chokshi, DPT; Shelley Wagner, DPT; Emily Jackson, DPT; Julie Vasieck, DPT; Shawna Pringle, DPT; and Angela English, DPT. Jane L. Wetzel, PT, PhD: Associate Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, Ohio (current); Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (at time of study). Ré sultats : Les tests EDSS, ABC, FST, SST, BAL, MVV, MIP et MEP é taient associé s de maniè re significative à la distance parcourue lors du 6MWT, aprè s ajustement de l'â ge. Une analyse de ré gressio...

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Six-minute walk distance as a measure of functional exercise capacity in multiple sclerosis

Cited by 156 publications

References 31 publications

Validation of the "Six Step Spot Test" for gait among patients with multiple sclerosis in Brazil

Validation of the "Six Step Spot Test" for gait among patients with multiple sclerosis in Brazil

The effects of a 12-week leisure centre-based, group exercise intervention for people moderately affected with multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled pilot study

Six-Minute Walk Test for Persons with Mild or Moderate Disability from Multiple Sclerosis: Performance and Explanatory Factors

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