Site of synthesis, tissue distribution, and lipophorin transport of hydrocarbons in Blattella germanica (L.) nymphs

Young, Hugh P.; Bachmann, Jane A.S.; Sevala, Veeresh L.; Schal, Coby

doi:10.1016/s0022-1910(98)00128-0

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…A similar allocation of hydrocarbons to embryos has been demonstrated in the cockroach B. germanica (Schal et al , 1994; Young et al , 1999). The ovarian hydrocarbons in the house fly are significantly deficient in alkenes compared with other tissues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Tissue distribution and lipophorin transport of hydrocarbons and sex pheromones in the house fly, Musca domestica

Schal

Sevala

Capurro

et al. 2001

Journal of Insect Science

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We investigated the relationship between epicuticular and internal hydrocarbons in the adult house fly, Musca domestica and the distribution of hydrocarbons, including the female sex pheromone component, ( Z )-9-tricosene, in tissues. Internal hydrocarbons increased dramatically in relation to sexual maturation and were found in the hemolymph, ovaries, digestive tract, and fat body. ( Z )-9-Tricosene comprised a relatively large fraction of the hydrocarbons in the female carcass and hemolymph, and less so in other tissues, while other hydrocarbons were represented in greater amounts in the ovaries than in other tissues. It therefore appears that certain hydrocarbons were selectively provisioned to certain tissues such as the ovaries, from which pheromone was relatively excluded. Both KBr gradient ultracentrifugation and specific immunoprecipitation indicated that > 90% of hemolymph hydrocarbons were associated with a high-density lipophorin (density = 1.09 g ml −1 ), composed of two apoproteins under denaturing conditions, apolipophorin I (∼240 kD) and apolipophorin II (∼85 kD). Our results support a predicted model ( Chino, 1985 ) that lipophorin is involved in the transport of sex pheromone in M. domestica . In addition to delivering hydrocarbons and sex pheromones to the cuticular surface, we suggest that lipophorin may play an important role in an active mechanism that selectively deposits certain subsets of hydrocarbons at specific tissues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Tissue distribution and lipophorin transport of hydrocarbons and sex pheromones in the house fly, Musca domestica

Schal

Sevala

Capurro

et al. 2001

Journal of Insect Science

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“…gambiae CHCs represent the majority (>80%) of the total mosquito HCs, with a composition similar to that of the internal pool. In insects such as triatomines and cockroaches, only ∼10-20% of the HCs are transported to the surface, and the majority of the methyl-branched HCs are retained in the hemolymph as reservoir (27,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450 associated with insecticide resistance catalyzes cuticular hydrocarbon production in Anopheles gambiae

Balabanidou

Kampouraki

MacLean

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

324

370

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The role of cuticle changes in insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae was assessed. The rate of internalization of 14 C deltamethrin was significantly slower in a resistant strain than in a susceptible strain. Topical application of an acetone insecticide formulation to circumvent lipid-based uptake barriers decreased the resistance ratio by ∼50%. Cuticle analysis by electron microscopy and characterization of lipid extracts indicated that resistant mosquitoes had a thicker epicuticular layer and a significant increase in cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) content (∼29%). However, the CHC profile and relative distribution were similar in resistant and susceptible insects. The cellular localization and in vitro activity of two P450 enzymes, CYP4G16 and CYP4G17, whose genes are frequently overexpressed in resistant Anopheles mosquitoes, were analyzed. These enzymes are potential orthologs of the CYP4G1/2 enzymes that catalyze the final step of CHC biosynthesis in Drosophila and Musca domestica, respectively. Immunostaining indicated that both CYP4G16 and CYP4G17 are highly abundant in oenocytes, the insect cell type thought to secrete hydrocarbons. However, an intriguing difference was indicated; CYP4G17 occurs throughout the cell, as expected for a microsomal P450, but CYP4G16 localizes to the periphery of the cell and lies on the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane, a unique position for a P450 enzyme. CYP4G16 and CYP4G17 were functionally expressed in insect cells. CYP4G16 produced hydrocarbons from a C18 aldehyde substrate and thus has bona fide decarbonylase activity similar to that of dmCYP4G1/2. The data support the hypothesis that the coevolution of multiple mechanisms, including cuticular barriers, has occurred in highly pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae. malaria | insecticide resistance | hydrocarbons | mosquito cuticle | cytochrome P450

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“…The hydrocarbons that we hypothesize as hunger signal, must be expressed much more quickly. They would thus require a fast pathway from the oenocytes (cells belonging to the fat body, and in many insects an important site for hydrocarbon synthesis) to the cuticle, either by epidermal cells and pore canals, or via hemolymph transport (Young et al, 1999). Further studies on the short-term synthesis of volatile hydrocarbons of this kind would be needed to elucidate these questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A larval hunger signal in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris

Boer

Duchateau

2006

Insect. Soc.

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Abstract. Larvae of Bombus terrestris, a pollen-storing bumblebee, are dependent on progressive provisioning by workers. We test the hypothesis that larval cuticular chemicals can act as a hunger signal. We fi rst show with a new classical conditioning experiment, using a Y-shaped tube, that workers can be trained to prefer the extracts of normally fed larvae over those of starved larvae. This proves the ability of workers to discriminate between larval extracts. Second, we show in a bioassay that workers also use these perceived differences to feed larvae according to their nutritional status. Larval broods sprayed with the extracts of the starved larvae were fed signifi cantly more than larval broods sprayed with the extracts of normally fed larvae or with the solvent (n-pentane) only. We therefore conclude that B. terrestris larvae signal their need for food via their cuticular chemicals, and discuss the extent to which this form of communication could give larvae some control over their development.

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Site of synthesis, tissue distribution, and lipophorin transport of hydrocarbons in Blattella germanica (L.) nymphs

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Tissue distribution and lipophorin transport of hydrocarbons and sex pheromones in the house fly, Musca domestica

Tissue distribution and lipophorin transport of hydrocarbons and sex pheromones in the house fly, Musca domestica

Cytochrome P450 associated with insecticide resistance catalyzes cuticular hydrocarbon production in Anopheles gambiae

A larval hunger signal in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris

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