“…hydrolysis of the ester bonds with the released fatty acid followed by esterification of FFA to the backbone of glycerol ( 5 ). Table 3 ( 6 , 15 , 16 , 32 , 39 , 40 , 44 - 53 , 60 , 62 , 67 - 69 , 75 , 76 , 81 ) shows the reacting conditions for the HMFS production, where the resulting HMFS generally contains more than 60% palmitic acid at the sn -2 position. The main by-product of the acidolysis reaction are FFAs, which can be removed through neutralization ( 65 , 82 ), liquid-liquid extraction ( 83 ) or molecular distillation ( 84 , 85 ).…”