Single-step fabrication of single-junction c-Si nano-structured solar cells by optimization of plasma etching parameters

Karmakar, Laxmikanta

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155352

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…[ 104 ] When fabricating c‐Si nano‐structured solar cells, one‐step process based on implementation of ICP discharge was necessary to synthesize simultaneously and anti‐reflection and n‐layer by etching the p‐type silicon wafers in argon‐hydrogen plasma with optimized parameters. [ 105 ] A roll‐to‐roll plasma sputtering system was employed to produce antireflective and self‐cleaning plasma‐polymerized fluorocarbon layer to be incorporated to perovskite solar cells. [ 106 ] Arrays of ZnO 1D nanostructures were fabricated in RF PECVD setup with a purpose to serve as an antireflective surface in c‐Si solar cells where the efficiency of 20% in photovoltaic conversion was reached.…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

How to Survive at Point Nemo? Fischer–Tropsch, Artificial Photosynthesis, and Plasma Catalysis for Sustainable Energy at Isolated Habitats

Levchenko,

Xu,

Baranov

et al. 2023

Global Challenges

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Inhospitable, inaccessible, and extremely remote alike the famed pole of inaccessibility, aka Point Nemo, the isolated locations in deserts, at sea, or in outer space are difficult for humans to settle, let alone to thrive in. Yet, they present a unique set of opportunities for science, economy, and geopolitics that are difficult to ignore. One of the critical challenges for settlers is the stable supply of energy both to sustain a reasonable quality of life, as well as to take advantage of the local opportunities presented by the remote environment, e.g., abundance of a particular resource. The possible solutions to this challenge are heavily constrained by the difficulty and prohibitive cost of transportation to and from such a habitat (e.g., a lunar or Martian base). In this essay, the advantages and possible challenges of integrating Fischer–Tropsch, artificial photosynthesis, and plasma catalysis into a robust, scalable, and efficient self‐contained system for energy harvesting, storage, and utilization are explored.

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Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

How to Survive at Point Nemo? Fischer–Tropsch, Artificial Photosynthesis, and Plasma Catalysis for Sustainable Energy at Isolated Habitats

Levchenko,

Xu,

Baranov

et al. 2023

Global Challenges

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“…13 Besides having regular optical absorption properties, these nanostructures provide significantly enhanced surface areas, facilitating improved solar energy consumption. 17,18 Furthermore, these subwavelength structures of vertically aligned SiNWs possess competent light-trapping characteristics via multiple light reflections along the nanowires' length, thereby reducing the reflection loss. 19,20 Accordingly, the vertically aligned SiNW array warrants an active photovoltaic material with an embedded self-generated antireflection layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various single or multilayer antireflection coatings (ARCs) on the surface of conventional solar cells have been adopted in this context. , However, the fabrication of these ARCs requires various complex calculations on their graded refractive indices. Besides, ARCs sometimes limit the device’s ultimate performance via the lattice divergence with the host element. , In recent years, the scientific community has made significant efforts to develop Si one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured materials, e.g., nanowires, nanopillars, nanocones, nanotips, nanopyramids, etc., in various ways. − Besides having regular optical absorption properties, these nanostructures provide significantly enhanced surface areas, facilitating improved solar energy consumption. , Furthermore, these subwavelength structures of vertically aligned SiNWs possess competent light-trapping characteristics via multiple light reflections along the nanowires’ length, thereby reducing the reflection loss. , Accordingly, the vertically aligned SiNW array warrants an active photovoltaic material with an embedded self-generated antireflection layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Mechanism and Opto-Structural Characterization of Vertically Oriented Si Nanowires: Implications for Heterojunction Solar Cells

Das,

Sarkar

2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Vertically oriented arrays of Si nanowires (SiNWs) with high aspect ratios are grown uniformly over large areas by a simple yet inexpensive one-step room-temperature Ag-assisted chemical etching of bulk c-Si, following an uninterrupted reduction−oxidation-termination mechanism at the Ag/Si interface. Using the chemically grown SiNWs as the n-c-Si core and radio-frequency plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition-grown p-a-Si:H as the shell layer, the p/n-heterojunction SiNW array solar cells, in core−shell configuration, are produced with an optimum photovoltaic (PV) conversion efficiency, η ∼4.71%. Considering that the PV performance remains limited by factors like lattice mismatch, parasitic absorption of photons, faster photogenerated charge carrier recombination, etc., the cell configurations were upgraded in various combinations. Introducing a thin i-a-Si:H passivation shell layer improved the cell performance in its p/i/n configuration. Substituting the i-a-Si:H by the wider band gap and higher conductivity i-nc-Si:H layer further boosted the PV characteristics, via improved passivation and minimizing junction inequality at the i/n-interface. Analogous reduction of lattice mismatch and carrier recombination at p/i-junction increased the PV aptitude, using the p-nc-Si:H layer. Improving the window layer functionality in sequence, by using a wide optical gap p-nc-SiO x :H shell layer, further facilitated an increased V OC ∼0.59 V, improved FF ∼51% under an extended spectral response, and yielded the maximum η ∼9.21%, involving the p-nc-SiO x :H/i-nc-Si:H/n-c-SiNW advanced core−shell configuration of the heterojunction solar cells (HJSCs). The unique optical characteristics, comprising superior antireflection attributes and omnidirectional light absorption over a broad wavelength range at diverse angles of incidence, demonstrate sequential improvements in the external quantum efficiency response of the SiNW-based HJSC devices. The reduced photon reflection loss stems from optical impedance matching involving the refractive index gradient from the air to the bulk-Si substrate via that of the SiNWs, comprising a significant light scattering effect manifested by their subwavelength structures.

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One-Dimensional Silicon Nano-/microstructures Based Opto-Electronic Devices

Karaağaç

Peksu

Alhalaili

et al. 2022

Topics in Applied Physics

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Single-step fabrication of single-junction c-Si nano-structured solar cells by optimization of plasma etching parameters

Cited by 4 publications

References 66 publications

How to Survive at Point Nemo? Fischer–Tropsch, Artificial Photosynthesis, and Plasma Catalysis for Sustainable Energy at Isolated Habitats

How to Survive at Point Nemo? Fischer–Tropsch, Artificial Photosynthesis, and Plasma Catalysis for Sustainable Energy at Isolated Habitats

Growth Mechanism and Opto-Structural Characterization of Vertically Oriented Si Nanowires: Implications for Heterojunction Solar Cells

One-Dimensional Silicon Nano-/microstructures Based Opto-Electronic Devices

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