Single-photon detectors combining high efficiency, high detection rates, and ultra-high timing resolution

Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil; Los, Johannes W. N.; Gourgues, Ronan; Steinmetz, Violette; Bulgarini, Gabriele; Dobrovolskiy, S.; Zwiller, Val; Dorenbos, Sander N.

doi:10.1063/1.5000001

Cited by 132 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…With the technology available today only a few detector types, such as transition-edge detectors [14,16] and superconducting nanowire detectors [33,34] have quan-tum efficiencies high enough to give better-than-guessing quality for more than a few photons. Even so, most realizations of PNR detectors with spatial arrays of clickdetectors have difficulty to increase the number of detector elements to what is required for better-than-guessing PNR capability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the performance of photon-number-resolving detectors

Jönsson

Björk

2019

Phys. Rev. A

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We analyze the performance of photon-number-resolving (PNR) detectors and introduce a figure of merit for the accuracy of such detectors. This figure of merit is the (worst-case) probability that the photon-number-resolving detector correctly predicts the input photon number. Simulations of various PNR detectors based on multiplexed single-photon "click detectors" is performed. We conclude that the required quantum efficiency is very high in order to achieve even moderate (up to a handful) photon resolution, we derive the required quantum efficiency as a function of the the maximal photon number one wants to resolve, and we show that the number of click detectors required grows quadratically with the maximal number of photons resolvable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the performance of photon-number-resolving detectors

Jönsson

Björk

2019

Phys. Rev. A

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“…Research on superconducting detectors is still ongoing, aimed at understanding detection mechanisms in different types of nanowire materials [54][55][56][57][58] , improving its performance in terms of reset times 59 and time jitter 60,61 , and developing new methods of accurate detection efficiency measurements 62 . Although intrinsic dark counts are low, SNSPDs are susceptible to picking up background thermal radiation from the input fiber's roomtemperature environment-this can be overcome by spectral filtering.…”

Section: A Detecting a Photonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic quantum information processing: A concise review

Slussarenko

Pryde

2019

Applied Physics Reviews

449

308

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Photons have been a flagship system for studying quantum mechanics, advancing quantum information science, and developing quantum technologies. Quantum entanglement, teleportation, quantum key distribution and early quantum computing demonstrations were pioneered in this technology because photons represent a naturally mobile and low-noise system with quantum-limited detection readily available. The quantum states of individual photons can be manipulated with very high precision using interferometry, an experimental staple that has been under continuous development since the 19th century. The complexity of photonic quantum computing device and protocol realizations has raced ahead as both underlying technologies and theoretical schemes have continued to develop. Today, photonic quantum computing represents an exciting path to medium-and large-scale processing. It promises to out aside its reputation for requiring excessive resource overheads due to inefficient two-qubit gates. Instead, the ability to generate large numbers of photons-and the development of integrated platforms, improved sources and detectors, novel noise-tolerant theoretical approaches, and more-have solidified it as a leading contender for both quantum information processing and quantum networking. Our concise review provides a flyover of some key aspects of the field, with a focus on experiment. Apart from being a short and accessible introduction, its many references to in-depth articles and longer specialist reviews serve as a launching point for deeper study of the field. CONTENTS arXiv:1907.06331v1 [quant-ph]

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“…Therefore, the optimization via temporal filtering becomes particular important in long distance QKD with noisy detectors. Using stateof-the-art superconducting single-photon detectors [37], the noise can be drastically reduced [38]. Many practical QKD scenarios, however, will not be able to provide the infrastructure for liquid-helium or closed-cycle refrigerators required for these detectors to date.…”

Section: Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tools for the performance optimization of single-photon quantum key distribution

et al. 2020

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Quantum light sources emitting triggered single photons or entangled photon pairs have the potential to boost the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. Proof-of-principle experiments affirmed these prospects, but further efforts are necessary to push this field beyond its current status. In this work, we show that temporal filtering of single-photon pulses enables a performance optimization of QKD systems implemented with realistic quantum light sources, both in experiment and simulations. To this end, we analyze the influence of temporal filtering of sub-Poissonian single-photon pulses on the expected secret key fraction, the quantum bit error ratio, and the tolerable channel losses. For this purpose, we developed a basic QKD testbed comprising a triggered solid-state single-photon source and a receiver module designed for fourstate polarization coding via the BB84 protocol. Furthermore, we demonstrate real-time security monitoring by analyzing the photon statistics, in terms of g (2) (0), inside the quantum channel by correlating the photon flux recorded at the four ports of our receiver. Our findings are useful for the certification of QKD and can be applied and further extended for the optimization of various implementations of quantum communication based on sub-Poissonian quantum light sources, including device-independent schemes of QKD as well as quantum repeaters. Our work represents an important contribution towards the development of QKD-secured communication networks based on quantum light sources.

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Single-photon detectors combining high efficiency, high detection rates, and ultra-high timing resolution

Cited by 132 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluating the performance of photon-number-resolving detectors

Evaluating the performance of photon-number-resolving detectors

Photonic quantum information processing: A concise review

Tools for the performance optimization of single-photon quantum key distribution

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