Single-mode operation of mushroom structure surface emitting lasers

Yang, Yun-Cheng; Dziura, T. G.; Wang, S.C.; Du, Guotong; Wang, S.

doi:10.1109/68.68031

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…shrinking the oxide aperture and using multiple oxidized layers, Larsson's group demonstrated VCSELs with a modulation bandwidth of up to 28 GHz and 47 Gb/s error-free transmission with NRZ in 2013 [119]. In the same year, Shi's group from National Central University, Taiwan (NCU) used impurityinduced disordering, i.e., Zn diffusion [141], and oxide-relief processes in 850 nm VCSEL, and the fabricated devices had a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 22.4 GHz and up to 40 Gb/s NRZ transmission [81]. In 2015, Larsson's group reported a record highly efficient 30 GHz VCSEL when biased at a relatively low current of 4.1 mA [62].…”

Section: Benchmarking Of the State-of-the-art 850 Nm Vcsels At Rtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in 850 nm VCSELs for High-Speed Interconnects

et al. 2022

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Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have made remarkable progress, are being used across a wide range of consumer electronic applications, and have particularly received much attention from the telecom and datacom industries. However, several constraints are thus currently being tackled to improve the device characteristics and modulation formats to meet the various demanding requirements of the future 800 GbE and 1.6 TbE Ethernet standards. This manuscript discusses the device characteristics and the key considerations in the device designs and optimizations. Finally, we elucidate the latest developments and vital features of modern 850 nm VCSELs for high-speed interconnects.

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Section: Benchmarking Of the State-of-the-art 850 Nm Vcsels At Rtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in 850 nm VCSELs for High-Speed Interconnects

et al. 2022

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“…The simplest emitter structure is a simple light-emittingdiode (LED), but these devices have large divergence angles (greater than 68 [10]). Vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-lasers (VCSELs) have characteristically small divergence angles (less than 9 typically [27]) but are relatively complex to fabricate and integrate. A compromise structure is the resonant-cavityenhanced-light-emitting-diode (RCELED), which is an LED in a resonant cavity [25].…”

Section: Emitter Designmentioning

confidence: 99%