Single-center experience of patients with interstitial lung diseases during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic

Guiot, Julien; Henket, Monique; Frix, Anne‐Noëlle; Delvaux, Muriel; Denis, Anne Marie; Giltay, Laurie; Thys, Marie; Gester, Fanny; Moutschen, Michel; Corhay, Jean-Louis; Louis, Renaud; Ancion, Arnaud; Bouquegneau, Antoine; Bovy, Christophe; Darcis, Gilles; Defraigne, Jean-Christophe; Duysinx, Bernard; Ghuysen, Alexandre; Gilbert, Andrea; Heinen, Vanessa; Lambermont, Bernard; Malaise, O.; Martin, Maurice; Benoît, Michel; Dang, Dan; Piazza, Justine; Szecel, Julien; Vaillant, F; Cauwenberge, H. Van; Frenckell, Christian Von; Vroonen, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.resinv.2020.08.006

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…An increase in the severe course of COVID‐19 was not reported in a retrospective study of 401 interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy 78 . Contrary to this finding, patients with ILD in another study had an increased mortality (HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.17–2.18, p = 0.003) due to COVID‐19, especially those with obesity and poor respiratory function parameters, and the highest mortality has been reported in rheumatoid ILD and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis 79 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of comorbid pulmonary disease on the severity of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first detected in Wuhan, China, in late 2019 and continues to spread worldwide. Persistent questions remain about the relationship between the severity of COVID‐19 and comorbid diseases, as well as other chronic pulmonary conditions. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we aimed to examine in detail whether the underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), asthma and chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) were associated with an increased risk of more severe COVID‐19. A comprehensive literature search was performed using five international search engines. In the initial search, 722 articles were identified. After eliminating duplicate records and further consideration of eligibility criteria, 53 studies with 658,073 patients were included in the final analysis. COPD was present in 5.2% (2191/42,373) of patients with severe COVID‐19 and in 1.4% (4203/306,151) of patients with non‐severe COVID‐19 (random‐effects model; OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.99–3.34, Z = 7.15, p < 0.001). CRD was present in 8.6% (3780/44,041) of patients with severe COVID‐19 and in 5.7% (16,057/280,447) of patients with non‐severe COVID‐19 (random‐effects model; OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.74–2.64, Z = 7.1, p < 0.001). Asthma was present in 2.3% (1873/81,319) of patients with severe COVID‐19 and in 2.2% (11,796/538,737) of patients with non‐severe COVID‐19 (random‐effects model; OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.79–1.60, Z = 0.66, p = 0.50). In conclusion, comorbid COPD and CRD were clearly associated with a higher severity of COVID‐19; however, no association between asthma and severe COVID‐19 was identified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of comorbid pulmonary disease on the severity of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2021

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“…However, unfortunately, there was very limited information on whether patients with ILD have a higher risk of COVID-19 than those without ILD. Two previous studies evaluated this issue [ 14 , 15 ]. However, since these studies were performed in single centres by indirectly comparing rates of COVID-19 with that of the general population, the results were inconclusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas one study suggested that patients with ILD did not show the increased occurrence of severe COVID-19 [ 14 ], the other two studies showed that patients with ILD have more severe disease and poor prognosis than those without ILD [ 15 , 18 ]. In the former study [ 14 ], patients who were not hospitalised were not allowed to undergo specific PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2, which was solely reserved for the most severe cases during this pandemic. Thus, the number of overall ILD patients with COVID-19 could not be accurately evaluated, which limits the scope of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it seems logical to assume that patients with ILD would be more susceptible to COVID-19 than patients without ILD, no studies have clearly revealed such a relationship [ 14 , 15 ]. Regarding the disease course [ 16 ], patients with ILD seem more likely to experience respiratory failure and death compared to those without ILD [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interstitial lung disease increases susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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BackgroundThere are limited data regarding the relationship between interstitial lung disease (ILD) and the natural course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, we investigate whether patients with ILD are more susceptible to COVID-19 than those without ILD and evaluate the impact of ILD on disease severity in patients with COVID-19.MethodsA nationwide cohort of patients with COVID-19 (n=8070) and a 1:15 age-, sex-, and residence-matched cohort (n=121 050) were constructed between January 1, 2020 and May 30, 2020 in Korea. We performed a nested case-control study to compare the proportions of patients with ILD between the COVID-19 cohort and the matched cohort. Using the COVID-19 cohort, we also evaluated the risk of severe COVID-19 in patients with ILD versus those without ILD.ResultsThe proportion of patients with ILD was significantly higher in the COVID-19 cohort than in the matched cohort (0.8% versus 0.4%, p<0.001). The odds ratio [OR] of having ILD was significantly higher in the COVID-19 cohort than in the matched cohort (adjusted OR=2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.54–2.61). Among patients in the COVID-19 cohort, patients with ILD were more likely to have severe COVID-19 than patients without ILD (49.3% versus 13.1%), including mortality (13.4% versus 2.8%) (all p<0.01). The risk of severe COVID-19 was significantly higher in patients with ILD than in those without ILD (adjusted OR=2.32, 95% CI=1.24–4.01).ConclusionThe risks of COVID-19 and severe presentation were significantly higher in patients with ILD than in those without ILD.

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“…Patients suffering from interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) could also be at an increased risk of experiencing a rapid eruption of the disease due to COVID-19. However, this hypothesis is based on causal diseases and the median age of a population, which is commonly above 60 years (Guiot et al, 2020). The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 contrasts widely, from asymptomatic disease to 'J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified organism' and lifethreatening complications, which includes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multisystem organ failure, and ultimately death (Berenguer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Complications Risk Factors and Mortality Rate Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021

EJMR

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The primary objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of patients admitted for COVID-19, 'J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified organism' and other types of diagnoses. The aim was to assess as to what extent do COVID-19 related admissions changed to pneumonia, and as to what extent do 'J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified organism' related admissions that changed to COVID-19 diagnosis at discharge stage. The secondary objective of the study was to assess' predictors of readmissions in private hospitals. The review period was private hospital claims received by the scheme between January and August 2020. The inclusion criteria for COVID-19 admissions were patients that had a laboratory-confirmed (RT-PCR assay) COVID-19. Predictors of readmissions were modelled using logistic regression. The study found that restricted scheme patients admitted for a COVID-19 diagnosis changed to a 'J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified organism' diagnosis. The converse was found to be true in that some patients that were admitted as J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified organism' diagnosis changed to a COVID-19 diagnosis. This study showed underlying factors associated with hospital admissions and predictors of readmissions in private hospitals.

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Single-center experience of patients with interstitial lung diseases during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of comorbid pulmonary disease on the severity of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Effect of comorbid pulmonary disease on the severity of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Interstitial lung disease increases susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19

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